正应力测试仪的研究与开发

发布时间：2018-05-31 18:14

本文选题：油井偏磨 + 正应力测试仪　；参考：《中国石油大学(华东)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在石油实际生产过程中因为偏磨而造成的管漏、杆断等事故,严重影响了采油效率及经济效益。为满足测量抽油杆与抽油管偏磨时产生的正应力要求,本文将对正应力测试仪的传感器结构、电路硬件及软件等进行研究与设计,对油田防治偏磨起到很好的工程意义。(1)本文首先确定了正应力测试仪的工作环境以及技术指标。以此确定正应力测试仪的整体研究思路和具体的设计与开发流程。(2)对正应力测试仪的传感器机械结构进行设计。机械结构是整个测试仪的核心架构,必须满足井下高温、高压和拉伸强度要求,并为硬件电路及供电系统提供安装空间。应力检测部件是机械结构的核心部件,需要准确测量杆、管偏磨时产生的正应力,因而其加工精度要求较高。(3)根据测量功能需求设计硬件电路。由ADuC845单片机作为核心处理器,硬件电路包括信号采集与处理电路模块、存储电路模块、串口通讯模块以及供电电路模块等。通过耐高温器件选型等措施,使得设计的硬件电路能够在油井高温高压环境中对弱信号进行正常采集及存储。(4)设计正应力测试仪的软件部分,包括下位机程序和上位机数据处理程序。下位机程序能够实现信号的采集、存储及传输等功能;上位机能够实现数据接收、转换、存储以及单片机参数修改等功能。(5)对测试仪进行精度校准以及各功能的调试。在实验室模拟井下正应力、温度等环境,通过大量实验与数据处理建立数学测量模型,使采集的数据转换为对应的正应力值。通过温度、拉伸、密封以及模拟井等测试实验,最后进行油井现场应用实验。通过机械设计、电路设计和软件设计等完成测试仪的设计与开发,室内模拟实验和现场应用试验结果表明本文所设计的正应力测试仪能够满足实际测试要求
[Abstract]:The accidents such as pipe leakage and rod breakage caused by partial wear in the actual production of petroleum have seriously affected the oil recovery efficiency and economic benefits. In order to meet the requirement of measuring the normal stress of sucker rod and tubing, the sensor structure, circuit hardware and software of the normal stress tester are studied and designed in this paper. This paper first determines the working environment and technical index of the normal stress tester. Based on this, the whole research idea and the concrete design and development flow of the normal stress tester are determined. (2) the sensor mechanical structure of the normal stress tester is designed. Mechanical structure is the core structure of the whole tester. It must meet the requirements of underground high temperature, high pressure and tensile strength, and provide installation space for hardware circuit and power supply system. The stress detection part is the core part of the mechanical structure. It needs to measure the normal stress of the rod and the tube when it is worn out, so its machining precision is high. Therefore, the hardware circuit is designed according to the requirement of the measuring function. The hardware circuit consists of signal acquisition and processing circuit module, storage circuit module, serial communication module and power supply circuit module. Through the high temperature resistance device selection and other measures, the designed hardware circuit can normally collect and store the weak signals in the high temperature and high pressure environment of oil wells.) the software part of the normal stress tester can be designed. Including the lower computer program and upper computer data processing program. The lower computer program can realize the functions of signal acquisition, storage and transmission, and the upper computer can realize the functions of receiving, converting, storing and modifying the parameters of the single chip microcomputer, etc.) calibrating the accuracy of the tester and debugging each function. In laboratory simulation of downhole normal stress and temperature, a mathematical measurement model is established through a large number of experiments and data processing, so that the collected data can be converted into the corresponding normal stress values. Through temperature, stretch, seal and simulation well test, finally the oil well field application experiment. Through mechanical design, circuit design and software design, the design and development of the tester are completed. The results of indoor simulation experiment and field application test show that the normal stress tester designed in this paper can meet the actual test requirements.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE937

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