大型原油储罐内壁底板腐蚀机理及防护措施

发布时间：2018-06-07 20:22

本文选题：原油储罐 + 底板腐蚀　；参考：《表面技术》2017年11期

【摘要】：大型原油储罐底板腐蚀是影响和决定油罐服役寿命的关键问题。原油本身并不具备强腐蚀性,油品在开采过程中常夹杂一定水和腐蚀性介质,在长期存储过程中"水沉油浮",腐蚀性沉积水在油罐底部聚集,使罐底长期处于沉积水浸没状态。沉积水成分复杂,含有大量氯离子、硫酸盐和厌氧微生物,这些介质使油罐罐底处于强腐蚀环境,对油罐底板产生持续腐蚀。同时,浮顶油罐立柱的冲击和振动、液体紊流和原油压力会加速油罐底板腐蚀失效。详细探讨了油罐罐底的腐蚀机理和失效衍化机制,分析罐底在沉积水环境中的腐蚀形式,包括电化学腐蚀、冲刷腐蚀、堆积腐蚀、微生物腐蚀以及焊缝腐蚀等,介绍了环氧类、聚氨酯类、富锌底漆类、氟碳类等重防腐涂层的发展现状,分析了油罐防护所采用的重防腐涂料技术,提出了油罐底板防护的未来研究方向。
[Abstract]:Corrosion of base plate of large crude oil storage tank is a key problem that affects and determines the service life of oil tank. Crude oil itself does not have strong corrosiveness. Oil products are often mixed with certain water and corrosive medium in the process of production. In the long-term storage process, "submerged oil floats" and corrosive deposition water accumulates at the bottom of oil tank, which makes the bottom of oil tank immersed in sedimentary water for a long time. The composition of sedimentary water is complex, containing a large number of chloride ions, sulfate and anaerobic microbes. These media make the tank bottom in a strong corrosion environment, resulting in continuous corrosion to the tank bottom plate. At the same time, the impact and vibration of the floating roof oil tank column, liquid turbulence and crude oil pressure will accelerate the corrosion failure of the tank bottom plate. The corrosion mechanism and failure evolution mechanism of tank bottom are discussed in detail. The corrosion forms of tank bottom in sedimentary water environment are analyzed, including electrochemical corrosion, erosion corrosion, accumulative corrosion, microbial corrosion and weld corrosion, etc. The development status of heavy anticorrosive coatings such as polyurethane, zinc rich primer, fluorocarbon and other heavy anticorrosive coatings are analyzed, and the future research direction of oil tank bottom plate protection is put forward.
【作者单位】：中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所中国科学院海洋新材料与应用技术重点实验室浙江省海洋材料与防护技术重点实验室;芜湖春风新材料有限公司;中国石油化工股份有限公司青岛安全工程研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41506098) 中国博士后基金和第九批特等资助(2015M580528,2016T90553) 浙江省博士后科研项目择优资助(BSH1502160) 宁波市自然科学基金(2016A610261)~~
【分类号】：TE988

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