聚醚类耐高温破乳剂的设计、合成及性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 06:33

  本文选题：稠油 + 破乳剂　； 参考：《武汉理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着石油工业的发展,原油的开采力度逐渐加大,石油中稀油的产量已接近饱和,全世界对于原油的需求逐渐转移到稠油的开发上。稠油作为石油工业中重要的油田资源,由于其本身的组成复杂,使得其开采难度极大增加。针对稠油高难度开发条件,新疆油田近年来采用一种全世界领先的SAGD采油技术进行先驱实验,但是在开采过程中仍遇到一些无法预料到的难度。由于SAGD技术的引用,使得原有的原油处理技术不能满足现状,如采出液温度较高原油破乳剂无法正常破乳等比较棘手的问题。因此,开发出具有耐温性能而且高效破乳的破乳剂,对于新疆稠油开采具有十分重要的意义。为此,本文进行了相应的研究,内容如下:(1)以双酚A、多乙烯多胺以及多元醇为起始剂,合成一系列不同链段的聚醚破乳剂,用所合成的破乳剂对新疆油田稠油进行破乳实验,结果表明,所制备的酚醛树脂类(PAA)型破乳剂的最优合成比例为:双酚A/环氧丙烷为1:100,环氧丙烷/环氧乙烷为3:1;所制备的醇类(PS)型破乳剂的最优合成比例为:十八醇/环氧丙烷为1:250,环氧丙烷/环氧乙烷为3:1。HLB值,酸价和破乳剂的交联程度对于破乳剂性能有较大的影响。实验结果表明:加入交联剂后可增加破乳剂支化程度,提高破乳性能,使得最终脱水率增加,破乳效果理想。(2)对所合成的破乳剂进行端基改性,以增强其破乳性能,提高耐温性。对所合成的两种耐温破乳剂进行正交实验,复配成耐温破乳剂(PAS),复配破乳剂最佳配比为A3B1C2D3,并对其破乳性能进行具体评价,如PAS的加药量(破乳剂浓度)、破乳时间、破乳温度、pH值等因素。实验结果显示破乳剂PAS可以在高温环境下可以有效破乳,当加药量为100 mg/L、破乳温度为170℃、破乳时间90 min、pH为5时,破乳剂对于新疆超稠油的破乳性能最佳。(3)对合成的破乳剂做热稳定性的测试,结果表明:PAA型破乳剂在300℃以下,质量损失不是很明显,损失只有5%,当温度升高到400℃左右时,破乳剂PAA的质量损失达到96.78%。PAA型破乳剂的耐热性能良好。破乳剂PS在300℃以下,化学性质比较稳定,温度升高至290℃时,质量损失只有5%,其耐热性能也较为良好。
[Abstract]:With the development of petroleum industry, the exploitation of crude oil increases gradually, the production of thin oil in oil is nearly saturated, and the demand for crude oil in the world is gradually transferred to the development of heavy oil. Heavy oil, as an important oil resource in petroleum industry, is very difficult to exploit because of its complex composition. In view of the high difficulty of heavy oil development, Xinjiang Oilfield in recent years adopted a world leading SAGD oil recovery technology to carry out pioneering experiments, but in the process of production, there are still some unexpected difficulties. Because of the application of SAGD technology, the original crude oil treatment technology can not meet the current situation, such as the higher temperature of the produced liquid oil demulsifier can not be demulsified normally and other more difficult problems. Therefore, it is of great significance for Xinjiang heavy oil production to develop a demulsifier with high temperature resistance and high efficiency demulsification. In this paper, a series of polyether demulsifiers with different chain segments were synthesized with bisphenol A, polyvinyl polyamines and polyols as starting agents. The demulsifier was used to demulsify heavy oil in Xinjiang Oilfield. The results show that The ratio of bisphenol A / propylene oxide is 1: 100, propylene oxide / ethylene oxide is 3: 1, and the optimum ratio of synthesis of PS-based demulsifier is: octadecanol / epoxy propylene. Alkane is 1: 250, propylene oxide / ethylene oxide is 3: 1. HLB value, Acid value and crosslinking degree of demulsifier have great influence on the properties of demulsifier. The results show that the addition of crosslinking agent can increase the degree of demulsifier branching, improve the demulsifying performance, increase the final dehydration rate, and the demulsifying effect is ideal. 2) the synthesized demulsifier can be modified by the end group to enhance its demulsifying performance. Improve temperature tolerance. Two kinds of temperature resistant demulsifiers were prepared by orthogonal experiment. The best ratio of the demulsifiers was A3B1C2D3, and the demulsifying performance of the demulsifiers was evaluated, such as the dosage of pas (concentration of demulsifier, demulsifying time, demulsifying time), Demulsification temperature and pH value. The results show that the demulsifier pas can effectively demulsify under high temperature. When the dosage is 100 mg / L, the demulsifying temperature is 170 鈩，

本文编号：1999393