混合供油模式下炼油企业原油处理过程的Petri网建模和短期生产计划分析

发布时间：2018-06-11 20:27

本文选题：炼油 + 原油处理　；参考：《广东工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：制造业主要分为流程工业和离散制造业。炼油生产作为流程工业中的一种,具有能耗高、成本高、劳动生产率低的特点。而一个良好的炼油生产计划可以有效的降低产品成本、减少能源消耗以及保证产品质量。炼油生产计划分为长期生产计划和短期生产计划。长期生产计划可以划分为季度计划和月计划等。根据已有的对长期生产计划的研究,采用线性规划的办法,可以求解出满足实际生产环境要求的长期计划。基于相关的研究成果,已有可用于实际生产的成熟的商业软件工具。而对于短期生产计划,因为描述计划涉及到大量离散和连续变量,属于混合系统。这样一个复杂系统,目前还没有合适的方法和技术进行求解,实际生产中采用人工试凑的方法,这无形中增加了计划人员的工作量,降低了劳动效率,也就无法实现自动化达到优化生产计划的目的。受限于有限的资源,如供油罐、储油罐数量等,短期计划的制定需要考虑到系统的资源约束。除此之外,因为短期计划执行涉及到不同炼油设备的具体操作,这就需要考虑到工艺约束。忽略这两类约束条件,将导致求得的生产计划在实际生产中不可行。目前已有的针对短期计划的研究中,部分研究已经全面考虑到上述两类系统约束条件,得出了系统的可调度条件,从而可以有效的求得可行的短期生产计划。但是,这些研究都仅仅考虑单一供油模式下的系统可调度性,即一个供油罐在同一时间仅供应一个分馏塔的供油模式。然而实际生产过程中,经常会发生供油罐的数量不够每个分馏塔分配一个供油罐进行供油的情形。此时,部分供油罐就需要同时供应两个分馏塔,以保证分馏塔连续生产。这种情况下的短期计划求解变得十分复杂。本文从控制理论的角度研究这种混合供油模式下的炼油短期调度问题。首先对采用混合供油模式的炼油系统建立Petri网模型。接下来,基于获得的Petri网模型先后分析了具有两个分馏塔和大于两个分馏塔的56炼油系统,探讨了在混合模式下供油罐的数量和容量、分馏塔数量、供油罐数量、管道输油速率对系统可调度性的影响,得出了可调度的条件,从而可以在混合供油模式下求得可行短期生产计划,解决这方面的一个难题。最后使用一个生产实例对本文得到的结果进行了验证。
[Abstract]:The manufacturing industry is mainly divided into the process industry and the discrete manufacturing industry. As one of the process industries, the refining production has the characteristics of high energy consumption, high cost and low labor productivity. And a good refining production plan can effectively reduce the cost of products, reduce energy consumption and guarantee the quality of the products. The oil refining production plan is divided into long-term production. Planning and short-term production plans. Long-term production plans can be divided into quarterly and monthly plans. Based on existing research on long-term production plans and linear programming, a long-term plan can be solved to meet the requirements of the actual production environment. Based on relevant research results, there is a mature business that can be used for actual production. For the short term production plan, for the short-term production plan, because the description plan involves a large number of discrete and continuous variables, it belongs to the hybrid system. Such a complex system has not yet been solved by the appropriate methods and techniques. In actual production, the manual trial and error method is adopted. This can not only increase the workload of the planner, but also reduce the labor efficiency. As a result, automation can not achieve the goal of optimizing production planning. Limited to limited resources, such as oil tanks and tanks, short term planning needs to take into account the resource constraints of the system. In addition, because the short-term plan execution involves the specific operation of different refining equipment, it is necessary to take into account the process constraints. These two kinds of constraints will lead to the production plan that is not feasible in actual production. In the present study on short-term planning, some of the studies have taken into account the constraints of the above two types of systems, and the schedulable conditions of the system are obtained, which can effectively obtain a feasible short-term production plan. We only consider the system schedulability under a single oil supply mode, that is, an oil supply tank supply only one fractionator at the same time. However, in the actual production process, the quantity of the oil supply tank is often not enough for each fractionator to distribute the oil supply tank. At this time, some oil supply tanks need to be supplied simultaneously. Two fractionating towers are required to ensure the continuous production of the fractionator. The short-term plan solution in this case becomes very complex. This paper studies the short-term scheduling problem of oil refining in this hybrid oil supply mode from the perspective of control theory. First, a Petri network model is established for the oil refining system with mixed fuel supply mode. Then, based on the obtained Petri net The model has analyzed the 56 refining systems with two fractionating towers and more than two fractionating towers. The effects of quantity and capacity of oil tanks, quantity of fractionating tower, quantity of oil supply tanks and pipeline oil rate on the schedulability of the system under mixed mode are discussed, and the schedulable bars are obtained, thus the feasible short term can be obtained under the mixed oil supply mode. A production plan is used to solve this problem. Finally, a production example is used to verify the results obtained in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE68;F426.722

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