压裂裂缝监测测斜仪观测网络优化设计与研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 10:21

本文选题：压裂监测 + 测斜仪观测网络　；参考：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：测斜仪裂缝监测技术是一种新兴的压裂裂缝监测技术,具有环保、安全、监测结果科学准确、维护简单等特点,是国际公认的最直接、最有效的储层压裂监测技术。随着仪器性能的改进和数据处理解释技术的发展,地面测斜仪压裂裂缝监测技术凭借对裂缝方位角、倾角的高敏感度、无需占用井资源、无伤害井筒危险、不需要与裂缝中心深度相当的观测井等优点,在压裂裂缝监测领域中大受欢迎,具有广阔的发展前景。然而,由于安装在地面的测斜仪接收到的地面变形信号微弱且易受到周围环境的影响,地面测斜仪监测裂缝参数的精度往往受到信号信噪比低的影响。研究表明,测斜仪监测压裂裂缝参数的精度取决于信号信噪比和使用测斜仪的个数,而测斜仪精度极高,价格昂贵,使得裂缝监测成本高昂。在给定监测目标区域的情况下,如何在确保裂缝监测精度的前提下,降低成本,对于促进地面测斜仪压裂裂缝监测技术的工业化应用意义重大。因此,本文在充分调研国内外现有地面测斜仪压裂裂缝监测技术和测斜仪观测网络优化方法的基础上,提出了一种适用于XX区块地质资料的地面测斜仪压裂裂缝监测的测斜仪观测网络优化方法,并取得了如下研究成果:1、本文提出了一套利用地面测斜仪实现压裂裂缝监测的观测网络优化方法,并利用XX区块的地质资料对提出的优化方法进行仿真分析,验证了该方法的可靠性;本文提出的方法对于低成本开发下推动地面测斜仪进行压裂裂缝监测技术的工业化应用具备重要的工程价值;2、针对测斜仪监测技术理论、测斜仪压裂裂缝监测方法,以及压裂裂缝正演模型展开系统研究,提出了适用于本文研究背景的裂缝正演模型;3、基于提出的裂缝正演模型正演地面变形场,分析总结归纳了影响地面变形场的因素,提出了一套基于地面测斜仪监测压裂裂缝的裂缝参数反演方案;4、基于测斜仪工作原理的特点构建了裂缝参数反演目标函数,并采用了遗传算法完成了裂缝参数的反演,结合测斜仪观测网络的优化目标,提出了基于遗传算法的测斜仪观测网络求解方法,完成了最优测斜仪观测网络的求取;5、从优化结果的裂缝监测误差方面考虑,对最优测斜仪观测网络的裂缝参数监测精度进行了 Monte Carlo误差分析,验证了优化结果的可靠性,形成了一套地面测斜仪压裂裂缝监测的地面测斜仪观测网络优化方法。本文提出的地面测斜仪观测网络优化方法能够优化测斜仪观测网络,实现在确保裂缝监测精度的前提下,降低成本,对于促进地面测斜仪压裂裂缝监测技术的工业化应用意义重大。
[Abstract]:The fracture monitoring technology of inclinometer is a new fracture monitoring technology, which has the characteristics of environmental protection, safety, scientific and accurate monitoring results and simple maintenance. It is recognized as the most direct and effective reservoir fracturing monitoring technology in the world. With the improvement of instrument performance and the development of data processing and interpretation technology, the fracture monitoring technology of surface inclinometer depends on the high sensitivity of fracture azimuth and inclination angle, so it does not need to occupy well resources and has no harm to wellbore danger. There is no need for observation wells which are comparable to the depth of fracture center, so they are very popular in the field of fracture monitoring and have a broad prospect of development. However, because the ground deformation signal received by the slope meter installed on the ground is weak and easily affected by the surrounding environment, the accuracy of the ground slope meter in monitoring crack parameters is often affected by the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the signal. The results show that the accuracy of the inclinometer in monitoring fracture parameters depends on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of signals and the number of inclinometers used, while the inclinometer has high accuracy and high price, which makes the cost of fracture monitoring high. Given the target area, how to reduce the cost on the premise of ensuring the precision of fracture monitoring is of great significance to promote the industrial application of fracture monitoring technology of surface inclinometer. Therefore, on the basis of investigating the existing fracture monitoring technology of surface inclinometer at home and abroad and the optimization method of observation network of inclinometer, In this paper, a method of optimizing the observation network of slope meter applied to geological data of XX block is put forward, which is suitable for fracture monitoring of surface inclinometer. And the following research results are obtained: 1. In this paper, a set of optimization method of observation network for fracture monitoring by using surface inclinometer is put forward, and the optimization method is simulated and analyzed by using geological data of XX block. The method proposed in this paper has important engineering value for promoting the industrial application of fracture monitoring technology of surface inclinometer under low cost development. In this paper, a fracture forward model, which is suitable for the research background of this paper, is put forward, which is based on the fracture forward model presented in this paper, and the ground deformation field is forward based on the proposed fracture forward model, which is based on the systematic study of the fracture monitoring method and the forward modeling of the fracture in this paper. This paper analyzes and sums up the factors that affect the ground deformation field, puts forward a set of inversion scheme of fracture parameters based on the surface inclinometer to monitor fracturing fracture, and constructs the objective function of fracture parameter inversion based on the characteristics of the working principle of the inclinometer. The inversion of crack parameters is accomplished by using genetic algorithm. Combining with the optimization goal of the observation network of inclinometer, the method of calculating the observation network of inclinometer based on genetic algorithm is proposed. In this paper, the calculation of the observation network of the optimal inclinometer is completed. Considering the crack monitoring error of the optimized result, the Monte Carlo error analysis of the crack parameter monitoring accuracy of the optimal inclinometer observation network is carried out, and the reliability of the optimized result is verified. A set of surface inclinometer observation network optimization method for fracture monitoring of surface inclinometer is developed. The method proposed in this paper can optimize the observation network of the inclinometer and reduce the cost under the premise of ensuring the accuracy of crack monitoring. It is of great significance to promote the industrial application of fracturing fracture monitoring technology of surface inclinometer.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE937

【相似文献】