便携式油气井出砂地面监测系统研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 10:21

本文选题：油气井出砂监测 + 声测法　；参考：《西安石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在石油和天然气的生产过程中,由于地质因素和开采作业的影响使得产出液或产出气中往往伴随着固体砂粒,由此带来的油气井出砂问题给生产和环境都造成了严重的影响,因此有必要对油气井出砂进行监测,以指导油气田生产,并避免对环境造成的破坏。本文对包括出砂监测理论模型在内的一系列出砂监测理论进行了研究,建立了包括出砂监测传感器、出砂信号调理电路、出砂信号采集电路以及上位机软件在内的一套油气井出砂地面监测系统,可用于油气井出砂的实时在线监测。系统基于声测法原理,采用非接触式测量方式,通过无源传感器、信号调理采集箱和上位机的合理组成结构,采用stm32控制内部AD对出砂信号进行采集,实现了仪器的小型化、便携化和低功耗,顺应了出砂监测仪器的发展趋势。系统在监测时,将传感器安装在地面管道的弯管处,通过传感器检测砂粒撞击管壁产生的振动,并将携带出砂量信息的振动信号转换为电信号,通过线缆将出砂信号传输至信号调理箱,在信号调理箱内部通过信号调理电路和信号采集电路完成对出砂信号的预处理和采集,最后利用上位机软件对出砂信号进一步处理后将出砂量信息显示出来,得到油气井的出砂量信息,实现了对井下出砂情况的地面监测。本文还开展了大量的室内外试验,对整个系统在室内实验室环境和室外现场环境下的工作性能进行了测试,结果表明,该系统能够适应直径100μm及其以上的砂粒,在不低于10m/s流速的条件下检测到出砂,并能够将误差控制在19%以内,从而验证了系统能够在多种井况下长时间可靠稳定地工作,并可根据现场实际情况灵活地选择供电方式,对于油气井出砂监测具有实际的应用意义。
[Abstract]:In the process of oil and gas production, because of geological factors and the influence of mining operation, the produced liquid or gas is often accompanied by solid sand particles, and the sand production problem of oil and gas wells has caused serious impact on production and environment. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor sand production of oil and gas wells in order to guide oil and gas field production and avoid environmental damage. In this paper, a series of sand production monitoring theories, including the sand production monitoring theory model, have been studied, and the sand-producing monitoring sensor and the signal conditioning circuit for sand production have been established. A set of surface monitoring system for sand production of oil and gas wells can be used to monitor the sand production of oil and gas wells in real time and on line, including the signal acquisition circuit of sand production and the software of upper computer. Based on the principle of acoustic measurement, the system adopts non-contact measurement method, through passive sensor, signal conditioning acquisition box and the reasonable structure of the upper computer, and adopts stm32 control internal AD to collect the sand signal, and realizes the miniaturization of the instrument. Portable and low power consumption conform to the development trend of sand production monitoring instrument. When the system is monitoring, the sensor is installed at the bend of the pipe on the ground. The vibration caused by the sand particles hitting the pipe wall is detected by the sensor, and the vibration signal with the sand quantity information is converted into an electric signal. The sand-out signal is transmitted to the signal conditioning box through cable, and the signal conditioning circuit and signal acquisition circuit are used to preprocess and collect the sand out signal in the signal conditioning box. Finally, the sand production information of oil and gas wells is obtained by further processing the sand production signal with the upper computer software, and the surface monitoring of sand production situation is realized. In this paper, a large number of indoor and outdoor tests have been carried out to test the performance of the whole system in indoor laboratory environment and outdoor field environment. The results show that the system can adapt to sand with diameter of 100 渭 m or more. Under the condition of no less than 10m/s velocity, sand production can be detected, and the error can be controlled within 19%. It is proved that the system can work reliably and stably for a long time under various well conditions, and can flexibly choose the power supply mode according to the actual situation in the field. It has practical application significance for sand production monitoring of oil and gas wells.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE938

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