天然气不同运输方式的经济性分析

发布时间：2018-06-14 10:49

本文选题：管道运输 + LNG运输　；参考：《华南理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济和社会的快速发展,人们对资源和环境问题越来越重视,我国的一次能源供应虽然仍然是以煤为主,但其他一次能源的消耗比例逐渐上升,尤其是天然气。现阶段天然气的供应局面已经发生了很大改变,长输管道建设如火如荼的进行着,全国性的输气干线网络逐渐形成;LNG进口事业迅速发展,经过不到十年的发展,沿海已建、在建和规划建设的LNG接收站总数已经达到29个。“西气东输、北气南下、海气登陆”的供气格局已经基本形成。因此,有必要对天然气不同运输方式的经济性进行分析,选择最优的运输方式。本课题对天然气管道运输、LNG公路槽车运输、LNG内河运输、CNG公路运输进行了经济性分析,进行经济性分析时考虑气源为分输站天然气和沿海接收站LNG两种情况。管道运输经济性分析分为有压气站和无压气站两种情况,在有压气站时,压气站的站间距是一个重要的参数,因此对压气站站间距进行优化分析,得到了不同运输规模时的最佳压气站站间距。在对LNG内河运输进行分析时,考虑了两种运输船,一种是小型LNG船,另一种是LNG罐式集装箱运输船。经比较发现,小型LNG船内河运输投资太大,在比较大的输气规模时单位体积天然气输气成本才会低于集装箱船运输,因此在与其他运输方式比较时采用集装箱船运输这种方式。在建立了不同运输方式的单位输气成本经验公式之后,将各种运输方式进行了对比。在将不同运输方式进行对比时根据气源情况及运输距离分成两组:第一组,针对输气量小、运输距离短、气源是长输管道分输站或气田天然气的情况,比较天然气管道运输、LNG公路运输和CNG公路运输的输气成本,管道运输不考虑压气站;第二组,针对输气量大、运输距离远、气源是接收站LNG的情况,比较天然气管道运输、LNG公路运输和LNG船舶运输的输气成本,管道运输考虑压气站。通过比较,得到了不同运输方式的经济运输范围。最后,将各运输方式的经济运输范围与临界运输规模结合,得到了天然气不同运输方式的利润运输范围。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society, people pay more and more attention to the problem of resources and environment. Although the primary energy supply of our country is still mainly coal, the consumption ratio of other primary energy is rising gradually, especially natural gas. At this stage, the natural gas supply situation has been greatly changed, the construction of long-distance pipelines is in full swing, the national gas transmission trunk network is gradually forming a rapid development of LNG import undertakings, after less than 10 years of development, the coastal areas have been built. The total number of LNG receiving stations under construction and planning has reached 29. West-east gas transmission, north gas south, sea-air landing "gas supply pattern has been basically formed." Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the economy of different transportation modes of natural gas and choose the optimal transportation mode. In this paper, the economic analysis of CNG highway transportation of LNG inland water transportation is carried out, and the natural gas source is considered as the natural gas distribution station and the LNG as the coastal receiving station. The economic analysis of pipeline transportation can be divided into two kinds: gas station with pressure and gas station without pressure. In the case of gas station with pressure, the distance between stations is an important parameter, so the distance between stations is optimized. The optimum pressure station spacing for different transportation scale is obtained. In the analysis of LNG inland river transportation, two kinds of carriers are considered, one is small LNG carrier, the other is LNG tank container carrier. It is found by comparison that the cost of gas transportation per unit volume of natural gas will be lower than that of container ship when the investment in inland river transportation of small LNG carriers is too large, so container ship transportation is adopted in comparison with other transportation modes. After the empirical formula of unit gas transmission cost of different transportation modes is established, the different transportation modes are compared. When comparing different modes of transportation, they are divided into two groups according to the situation of gas source and transportation distance: the first group is aimed at the situation that the gas is small, the transportation distance is short, and the gas source is a long-distance pipeline distribution station or natural gas field. Comparing the gas transport costs between LNG highway transportation and CNG highway transportation in natural gas pipeline transportation, pipeline transportation does not consider gas compression stations. The second group is aimed at the situation that the gas is large, the distance is long, and the gas source is LNG, the receiving station. Comparing the gas transportation cost between LNG highway transportation and LNG ship transportation, pipeline transportation takes gas pressure stations into account. By comparison, the economic transportation range of different modes of transportation is obtained. Finally, the profit range of different transportation modes of natural gas is obtained by combining the economic transportation range of each transportation mode with the critical transportation scale.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F426.22;TE83

【参考文献】