油井压裂仿真培训系统的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-06-15 08:04

本文选题：虚拟培训 + 场景优化　；参考：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：虚拟现实技术能提供一种逼真、交互式的三维环境,因此,各领域对它的研究越来越重视,并取得了极大的进步。人们意识到将复杂培训与其进行结合,会带来许多传统培训所不具备的优势,这一想法已经得到社会各领域的一致认可。油井压裂施工作业操作繁琐、作业设备多、作业环境恶劣、作业过程不可见、技术含量高、施工的难度和风险较大,十分容易造成严重的财产损失和人员伤亡事故。因此,油田企业十分重视对压裂技术的培训,然而传统的压裂培训常受到空间、时间、次数的限制,尤其是井下的作业在现实中无法感受到,大多通过实际操作经验的累积来完成,很难实现员工对压裂知识的掌握。将虚拟培训技术与油田压裂施工的培训结合,为员工提供一个逼真的虚拟压裂施工环境,将大大提高员工的专业技能。但为了实现逼真的仿真效果,虚拟系统中资源数据会非常大,这给系统的动态绘制造成了很大负担,目前针对如何实现复杂的场景优化仍是一个应用研究的热点,更是一个难点。本文设计了一套基于油田压裂施工的仿真培训系统,目的是通过该系统,真实的还原压裂施工现场及压裂施工的全过程。为了解决因逼真效果造成的系统过于庞大、系统在网页上加载慢且运行时画面出现严重的闪烁和卡顿的现象,本文运用一种基于Virtools中LOD技术场景优化的改进方法。该方法结合了LOD技术,大范围场景分块以及视点相关技术,通过科学系统的实验验证,该方法很好的解决了上述问题。在模型简化过程中,发现有时模型的整体轮廓会遭到破坏。因此本文深入地研究了渐进网格算法并进行了相关实验。本文实现的压裂仿真培训系统,完全遵照压裂施工工艺流程及标准操作规程,提供了良好的交互学习功能。本文将LOD技术、大范围场景分块和视点相关技术进行结合,对系统进行优化处理,在场景运行时,满足复杂场景实时绘制的需求。
[Abstract]:Virtual reality technology can provide a realistic and interactive 3D environment. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to it in various fields and great progress has been made. People realize that the combination of complex training and training will bring many advantages that traditional training does not have. This idea has been unanimously recognized in all fields of society. The operation of fracturing in oil wells is complicated, the operation equipment is many, the working environment is bad, the operation process is invisible, the technical content is high, the difficulty and risk of construction are great, and it is easy to cause serious property losses and casualties. Therefore, oil field enterprises attach great importance to the training of fracturing technology. However, the traditional fracturing training is often limited by space, time and times, especially the downhole operation can not be felt in reality. Most of them are accomplished by the accumulation of practical experience, so it is difficult to master the knowledge of fracturing. Combining the virtual training technology with the training of oil field fracturing construction, providing a lifelike virtual fracturing environment for the staff, will greatly improve the professional skills of the employees. However, in order to realize the realistic simulation effect, the resource data in the virtual system will be very large, which creates a great burden on the dynamic rendering of the system. At present, how to realize the complex scene optimization is still a hot topic in the application research. It is also a difficult point. In this paper, a set of simulation training system based on oilfield fracturing operation is designed. The purpose of this system is to truly restore the fracturing site and the whole process of fracturing operation. In order to solve the problem that the system caused by lifelike effect is too large, the system loads slowly on the web page, and the running picture appears serious flicker and the phenomenon of Catton, this paper uses an improved method of scene optimization based on LOD technology in Virtools. This method combines LOD technology, large-scale scene partitioning and viewpoint correlation technology, and is verified by scientific system. The method solves the above problems well. In the process of model simplification, it is found that sometimes the whole profile of the model will be destroyed. In this paper, the progressive mesh algorithm is studied and some experiments are carried out. The fracturing simulation training system realized in this paper completely complies with the fracturing operation process and standard operating rules, and provides a good interactive learning function. In this paper, the LOD technology, large-scale scene partitioning and view related technology are combined to optimize the system processing, and to meet the needs of real-time rendering of complex scenes when the scene is running.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357.1;TP391.9

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