面向油田的抽油机四化设计研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 18:39

本文选题：抽油机 + 四化　；参考：《中国石油大学(华东)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：抽油机是油田机械采油的主要设备,在油田现役的抽油机中,多数为以铰链四杆机构为主机构的游梁式抽油机。目前,游梁式抽油机的品种繁多,配件型号杂,对采油厂的维修与采购带来了极大的不便,严重影响了油田的生产与化管理。2012年胜利油田召开“四化”建设启动会,提出“标准化设计、模块化建设、标准化采购、信息化提升”这一具有胜利特色的“四化”管理模式。针对这一现状,开展“面向油田的抽油机四化设计研究”具有重要意义,本文结合胜利油田需求,围绕游梁式抽油机的标准化尺寸设计、部件模块化选型、部件标准化采购以及选型信息化管理等内容展开研究,以期实现抽油机的四化管理。本文首先对胜利油田的抽油机进行了实用性分析,通过了解油田对抽油机的使用情况,对抽油机主要故障进行分析,分析计算抽油机损坏件在故障体系中的权重,确定了各部件在抽油机上的地位和作用,选取了抽油机四化的易损件。并根据油田不同区块的井况及特点,筛选出满足油田使用要求的11种型号的抽油机。然后,规范了油田四化设计的模型示工图,选取了具有代表性的29种模型示工图作为此次四化的基础,提出了以满足模型示功图为设计基础的抽油机基本尺寸四化设计方案;分析了影响游梁式抽油机尺寸的因素,依据油田实际情况,对抽油机的基本结构尺寸进行了优化和规范,提出了相同冲程的抽油机2~3种结构参数的四化设计。同时,按照模型模型示功图,对抽油机主要构件受力进行系统分析,按照合理冗余和总体优化的观点,按照即合理分布又满足相似数设计的原则,给出了用有限组易损件的结构尺寸,满足受力不同要求,通过分析,使得每种易损件在5类以下;给出易损件间的规范联结尺寸。根据模型示功图设计了各易损件的型号及适用范围,建立了易损件适用范围数据库,开发了抽油机模块化组装软件,变选购产品为定制产品,有效的解决了抽油机部件的标准化设计,模块化建设与标准化采购的问题,可显著降低油田的采购成本和库存,减少油田抽油机的维护成本,提升油田的经济效益。
[Abstract]:Pumping unit is the main equipment of oil field mechanical oil recovery. In the active pumping unit in oil field, most of the pumping units are beam pumping units with hinged four-bar mechanism. At present, there are many kinds of beam pumping units and various types of accessories, which bring great inconvenience to the maintenance and procurement of oil production plants, and seriously affect the production and management of oil fields. In 2012, Shengli Oilfield held a "four modernizations" construction startup meeting. This paper puts forward the management mode of "standardized design, modular construction, standardized purchasing and information promotion", which has the characteristic of victory. In view of this situation, it is of great significance to carry out the research on the design of four types of pumping units for oilfields. In this paper, according to the requirements of Shengli Oilfield, the standard size design of beam pumping units and the modular selection of components are discussed. In order to realize the four-dimensional management of pumping unit, the standardization of parts purchasing and the information management of type selection are studied in this paper. In this paper, the practicability of pumping unit in Shengli Oilfield is analyzed firstly, and the main faults of pumping unit are analyzed through understanding the application of oil field to the pumping unit, and the weight of damaged parts of pumping unit in the fault system is analyzed and calculated. The position and function of each component in the pumping unit are determined, and the easily damaged parts of the pumping unit are selected. According to the well conditions and characteristics of different blocks of the oil field, 11 types of pumping units which meet the requirements of oil field use are screened out. Then, the model diagram of oil field design is standardized, 29 typical model diagrams are selected as the basis of the four modernizations, and the design scheme of the basic dimensions of pumping units based on the model indicator diagram is put forward. The factors affecting the size of beam pumping unit are analyzed. According to the actual situation of oil field, the basic structure size of pumping unit is optimized and standardized, and the four-way design of 3 kinds of structural parameters of pumping unit with the same stroke is put forward. At the same time, according to the model indicator diagram, the stress of the main components of the pumping unit is systematically analyzed. According to the viewpoint of reasonable redundancy and overall optimization, according to the principle of reasonable distribution and the design of similar number, The structural dimensions of finite groups of easily damaged parts are given, which meet the different requirements of the force. Through analysis, each kind of easily damaged parts is made below five categories, and the size of the standard connection between the damaged parts is given. According to the model indicator diagram, the model and the applicable range of the damaged parts are designed, the database of the applicable range of the damaged parts is established, the modular assembly software of the pumping unit is developed, and the products are changed into custom products. It can effectively solve the problems of standardized design of pumping unit parts, modular construction and standardized procurement, which can significantly reduce the purchasing cost and inventory of oil field, reduce the maintenance cost of oil pumping unit, and improve the economic benefit of oil field.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE933.1

【参考文献】