压裂泵车轴系扭振分析与优化

发布时间：2018-06-22 23:18

本文选题：柴油机 + 压裂泵车　；参考：《清华大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：采用大马力柴油发动机的压裂泵车在工作过程中,存在曲轴过早的扭转断裂失效以及发动机后置齿轮室齿轮噪声加剧等问题,其中传动轴系存在比较大的扭振是关键因素之一。目前针对大功率压裂泵车轴系整个系统进行的扭振分析研究比较少,且工作大多集中在内燃机本身的激励上,内燃机的负载一般均被当作大惯量来处理。而压裂泵车在实际工作情况下非常复杂,激励来源除了发动机本身激励外,还有负载的柱塞泵等产生的复杂激励。柱塞泵的工作情况比较复杂,压裂液的瞬时流量不稳定,流量存在脉动,其产生的动态激励也是扭振的激励源之一。本文基于一款搭载康明斯QSK60大马力发动机的压裂泵车为研究对象,进行了详细的扭振测试,建立了压裂泵车传动系统扭振仿真当量模型并进行了仿真分析。采用理论与试验相结合的分析方法,分析了扭振产生的原因、扭振对泵车系统响应的影响,并提出了针对性解决方案。压裂泵车在油田现场的恶劣环境下,扭振激励来源比较复杂。结果表明,扭振激励来源除了发动机本身激励外,还有三缸柱塞泵等部件产生的脉动激励。对扭振的控制需要综合考虑发动机本身激励和柱塞泵的激励,正确处理内燃机及柱塞泵等的复杂激励力矩成为扭振分析的很重要因素。本文还对柱塞泵的激励原理进行了研究,分析了柱塞泵缸数和压裂液流量脉动的关系,这为柱塞泵的选型设计提供了很重要的参考意义。最后分析了压裂液脉动阻尼器以及曲轴扭转减振器的原理,对在实际应用中可能采取的消减扭振措施进行了介绍,为压裂泵车扭振优化提供参考。
[Abstract]:In the working process of fracturing pump car with high horsepower diesel engine, there are some problems such as premature torsional fracture failure of crankshaft and increased noise of engine rear gear chamber gear, among which the relatively large torsional vibration of transmission shaft system is one of the key factors. At present, the research on torsional vibration analysis of the whole shafting system of high-power fracturing pump is relatively few, and most of the work is concentrated on the excitation of internal combustion engine itself, and the load of internal combustion engine is generally treated as a large inertia. The fracturing pump vehicle is very complex in actual work. Besides the engine itself, the source of the excitation is the complex excitation caused by the load piston pump and so on. The working condition of piston pump is quite complex, the instantaneous flow rate of fracturing fluid is unstable and the flow rate is pulsating, the dynamic excitation produced by the pump is also one of the exciting sources of torsional vibration. Based on a fracturing pump with Cummins QSK60 engine as the research object, the torsional vibration test is carried out in detail, the equivalent model of torsional vibration of the driving system of the fracturing pump is established and the simulation analysis is carried out. In this paper, the reason of torsional vibration and the effect of torsional vibration on the response of pump car system are analyzed by using the analytical method of combining theory and experiment, and the corresponding solutions are put forward. The source of torsional vibration excitation of fracturing pump truck is complex in the harsh environment of oil field. The results show that the torsional vibration is not only from the engine itself, but also from the pulsation of three cylinder piston pump and other components. To control torsional vibration, it is necessary to consider the excitation of engine itself and piston pump. It is very important to correctly deal with the complex excitation torque of internal combustion engine and piston pump. In this paper, the principle of piston pump is studied, and the relationship between the number of piston pump cylinder and the flow pulsation of fracturing fluid is analyzed, which provides a very important reference for the design of piston pump type selection. Finally, the principle of the pulse damper of fracturing fluid and the torsional vibration absorber of crankshaft are analyzed, and the possible measures to reduce torsional vibration in practical application are introduced, which provides a reference for the optimization of torsional vibration of fracturing pump.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE934.2

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