石化企业液态类物料定量装车系统设计研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 11:42

本文选题：电液阀控制 + 监控系统　；参考：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：液态类物料汽车定量装车系统在石油化工类企业中有很长的使用历史,至今仍然是一种普遍使用的、不可缺少的装置系统。典型的液态类物料汽车定量装车系统是由液态物料储运罐区、物料输送泵、物料输送管线和装车站台等设施组成。在以往的装车作业中,操作人员主要借助简单的仪器进行现场观测(液位检尺),加上人工手动操作进行工作,自动化程度很低。为此,本文以中油宁波油库工程汽油、柴油汽车装车栈台项目为背景,从实际情况出发进行了以下研究：(1)经过分析与研究,对装车过程工艺流程特点进行梳理与总结,明确了定量装车系统的控制对象和控制目的,考虑了企业和客户的实际需求,设计研究了一种面向用户的自动化装车控制系统。本文首先研究了采用定量装车控制器为核心的定量装车控制系统,其次研究了以DCS为控制核心的装车控制系统,综合两个系统在实际应用中的优缺点,设计提出了一种改进的装车系统,既能够在现场操作完成定量装车控制又能在控制室完成定量装车控制,并且能够完成高级装车控制算法。(2)基于对装车过程和数字电液阀特性的分析,本文研究了装车流量与装车量间的关系,给出了装车控制过程控制方法,利用电液阀多级开启和多级关闭的控制方式最大限度的降低了装车作业中“水击”现象的影响,在保护了设备的前提下,使生产效率得到了提高。通过研究装车精度的影响因素,设计了预知量自整定程序的数学表达,使系统在适应各种环境下的工作并改善了装车的精度。(3)本文完成了定量装车控制系统总的设计方案、控制系统硬件配置、以及装车算法的提高。达到了对现场仪表信号的接收、运算处理、及相关控制。定量装车系统兼具现场和控制室控制的特点,并且能够实现报警监测、历史信息查询、多种报表打印存储等较为完善的功能。
[Abstract]:The liquid material vehicle quantitative loading system has a long history of use in petrochemical enterprises and is still a widely used and indispensable device system. The typical liquid material vehicle loading system is composed of liquid material storage and transportation tank area, material conveying pump, material conveying pipeline, loading station and so on. In the past loading operations, the operators mainly use simple instruments to carry out field observation (liquid level gauge), and manual operation to work, the degree of automation is very low. Therefore, based on the project of gasoline and diesel truck loading stacks in Ningbo Oil Depot of CNOOC, the following researches are carried out: (1) through analysis and research, the characteristics of loading process are sorted and summarized. The control object and control purpose of the quantitative loading system are defined. Considering the actual needs of enterprises and customers, a user-oriented automatic loading control system is designed and studied. This paper first studies the quantitative loading control system with the quantitative loading controller as the core, and then studies the loading control system with DCS as the core, synthesizing the advantages and disadvantages of the two systems in the practical application. In this paper, an improved loading system is designed, which can not only finish the quantitative loading control in the field operation, but also complete the quantitative loading control in the control room. And can complete the advanced loading control algorithm. (2) based on the analysis of loading process and digital electro-hydraulic valve characteristics, this paper studies the relationship between loading flow and loading quantity, and gives the control method of loading control process. The effect of "water hammer" in loading operation is minimized by using the control mode of multi-stage open and multistage closure of electro-hydraulic valve, and the production efficiency is improved under the premise of protecting the equipment. By studying the influencing factors of loading precision, the mathematical expression of self-tuning program of predictive quantity is designed, which makes the system adapt to various environments and improve the accuracy of loading. (3) the overall design scheme of quantitative loading control system is completed in this paper. The hardware configuration of the control system and the improvement of the loading algorithm. To achieve the field instrument signal reception, operation and processing, and related control. The quantitative loading system has both the characteristics of field control and control room, and it can realize more perfect functions such as alarm monitoring, historical information query, printing and storage of various report forms and so on.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE97

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