中国东北地区侏罗纪岩相古地理特征

发布时间：2018-06-24 22:45

本文选题：沉积相 + 岩相古地理　；参考：《山东科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：东北地区位于西伯利亚板块与华北板块之前,是由多个微板块复合而成,该区构造运动复杂,发育二连、海拉尔、松辽等多个沉积盆地,油气资源丰富。侏罗纪是东北地区重要的构造变革时期,本文以区域构造演化为背景,以地层划分与对比为基础,以沉积体系与沉积模式分析为核心,系统恢复东北地区侏罗系岩相古地理特征及其演化,查明控制烃源岩及有利生储盖组合的古地理条件,预测有利勘探区。东北地区早侏罗世主要沉积区位于二连盆地和虎林盆地,其中二连盆地为以断陷湖盆沉积体系为特征的陆相盆地,大部分地区发育河流相,局部地区发育滨浅湖相;虎林盆地沉积了一套近海碎屑岩系,从边缘到内陆依次发育浅海陆棚相、海陆过渡相和河流相。中侏罗世,沉积中心向中西部迁移,虎林盆地遭受抬升剥蚀,松辽盆地区域性沉降接受沉积,主要沉积相类型为河流相和滨浅湖相;二连盆地沉积环境由早期河流相向中期滨浅湖相及晚期深湖-半深湖相演化;海拉尔盆地沉积了一套中酸性火山岩碎屑沉积。晚侏罗世,沉积中心向北部迁移,漠河盆地开始发育,并广泛接受沉积,由内部到边缘依次发育冲积扇相、河流相及滨浅湖相;西部海拉尔盆地以冲积扇相和滨浅湖相为主;东部在海侵作用影响下,三江盆地和虎林盆地发育浅海陆棚相沉积体系。早侏罗世,受已形成的造山带构造方向及深断裂控制作用,东北地区中部地势较高并向东西逐渐降低,二连盆地和虎林盆地较为发育,其中二连盆地为典型的断陷湖盆,由于海侵作用虎林盆地以浅海陆棚相为主。中侏罗世受伊泽奈尹板块高速NNW向俯冲消减的影响,东北地区东部抬升,沉积中心向中西部迁移,在火山活动的影响下,松辽盆地和海拉尔盆地开始发育,二连盆地沉积环境发生较大的变化;由于基底断裂控制作用,大兴安岭西侧发育拉布达林盆地和根河盆地。晚侏罗世蒙古-鄂霍次克洋全部关闭,形成东西-北东东向蒙古鄂霍次克褶皱带,沉积中心向北迁移;受断裂控制作用,发育大杨树林盆地、伊春盆地和东河盆地等中小型弧后拉张裂陷盆地。综合本区沉积相类型及岩相古地理条件,东北地区侏罗系油气勘探目的层为二连盆地阿拉坦合力群、根河盆地与拉布达林盆地中侏罗统万宝组,海拉尔盆地中、下侏罗统兴安岭群以及松辽盆地白城组。有利油气勘探区带分布于二连盆地阿南阿北凹陷、阿其图乌拉凹陷、乌里雅斯太凹陷和赛罕塔拉凹陷,漠河盆地的二十二站、马林、老沟、小北沟、兴安乡等地,海拉尔盆地的乌尔逊凹陷、贝尔凹陷、乌固诺尔断陷内以及根河盆地的额尔古纳河东侧西乌珠尔、上护林、依力根一带。
[Abstract]:The northeast area is located before the Siberian plate and the North China plate, which is composed of several microplates. The tectonic movement in this area is complicated and there are many sedimentary basins, such as Erlian, Hailaer, Songliao and so on, which are rich in oil and gas resources. Jurassic is an important period of tectonic transformation in Northeast China. This paper takes the regional tectonic evolution as the background, stratigraphic division and correlation as the basis, and the analysis of sedimentary system and sedimentary model as the core. The characteristics and evolution of Jurassic lithofacies and paleogeography in Northeast China are restored systematically. The paleogeographic conditions controlling hydrocarbon source rocks and favorable reservoirs and caprock assemblages are found and favorable exploration areas are predicted. The main sedimentary areas of early Jurassic in Northeast China are located in Erlian basin and Hulin basin. Erlian basin is a continental basin characterized by depositional system of faulted lacustrine basin. Fluvial facies is developed in most areas and shallow lacustrine facies is developed in local area. A set of offshore clastic rocks was deposited in the Hulin Basin, which developed shallow sea shelf facies, sea-land transitional facies and fluvial facies from the edge to the interior. In the Middle Jurassic, the sedimentary center moved to the central and western regions, the Hulin basin was uplifted and denuded, and the Songliao basin was deposited by regional subsidence. The main sedimentary facies were fluvial facies and shore-shallow lacustrine facies. The sedimentary environment of Erlian basin evolved from the early fluvial facies to the middle riparian facies and the late deep lacustry-semi-deep lacustrine facies, and a set of intermediate acid volcanic clastic deposits were deposited in the Hailaer basin. In the late Jurassic, the sedimentary center moved to the north, Mohe basin began to develop, and it was widely accepted that alluvial fan facies, fluvial facies and shore-shallow lacustrine facies were developed from the interior to the margin, and the western Hailaer basin was dominated by alluvial fan facies and shore-shallow lacustrine facies. Under the influence of transgression, shallow-sea shelf facies sedimentary systems were developed in Sanjiang basin and Hulin basin in the east of China. In the early Jurassic, controlled by the tectonic direction of the orogenic belt and the deep fault, the central topography of northeast China gradually decreased, and the Erlian basin and the Hulin basin developed, among which the Erlian basin was a typical faulted lacustrine basin, and the Erlian basin was a typical fault-lacustrine basin. Due to transgression, the Hulin basin is dominated by shallow-sea shelf facies. The Middle Jurassic was affected by the high speed NNW subduction of the Izenai plate, the eastern part of Northeast China was uplifted and the sedimentary center migrated to the central and western regions. Under the influence of volcanic activity, the Songliao basin and the Hailar basin began to develop. The sedimentary environment of Erlian basin has changed greatly and the west side of Daxingan Mountains has developed Labudalin basin and Genhe basin due to the control of basement faults. The late Jurassic Mongolia-Okhotsk ocean was completely closed, forming the East-NE Mongolia Okhotsk fold belt, the sedimentary center moved northward, and the poplar forest basin was developed under the control of the fault. Yichun basin and Donghe basin, etc. Based on the sedimentary facies types and lithofacies paleogeographic conditions in this area, the target layers of Jurassic oil and gas exploration in Northeast China are Alatan Heye Group in Erlian Basin, Wanbao formation of Middle Jurassic in Genhe Basin and Labudalin Basin, and Hailaer Basin in Hailaer Basin. Lower Jurassic Xinganling Group and Baicheng formation in Songliao Basin. The favorable oil and gas exploration zones are distributed in Erlian basin, Anan Abei sag, Achituwula sag, Wuliastai sag and Saihantara sag, 22 stations in Mohe basin, Ma Lin, Laogou, Xiaobei gully, Xinganxiang, etc. Wuerxun sag, Bell sag, Wukunol fault depression in the Hailaer basin and Xiwu Zhuer in the east side of the Erguna River in the Genhe basin, upper forest protection, Yiligen area.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13;P534.52

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