基于岩石物理相的水淹层解释方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 13:33

本文选题：水淹层 + 岩石物理相　；参考：《长江大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,随着勘探开发的不断深入,我国大多数注水开发油田已陆续进入中高含水期,剩余油分布复杂;同时,随着注水开发的进行,储层不断被改造,非均质性加强,早期的水淹层评价方法已不再适用；此外,随着全球石油资源的不断减少,石油工作者所面临的地质状况也越来越复杂,以上因素直接导致水淹层评价工作困难。在当前阶段,有针对性的建立一套精细、适合油田开发特征的水淹层评价方法是实现油田稳产、增产的根本手段,因此,开展水淹层测井资料综合解释方法研究是十分有必要的。L油田是渤海湾盆地的一个高产油田,1993年开始投产,2002年日产量达到12500立方米,随后含水率逐渐上升,产量下降：2000年Ⅱ期投产,目前注水开发21年,综合含水达到70%以上,原油为重质稠油,层间矛盾突出,注入水突进现象明显,非均质性较强,注水系统复杂。为控水稳油、避开强水淹层位,必须针对油田实际特点,通过技术攻关研究,开展水淹层测井综合评价研究,预测剩余油分布,进而更好的指导后期剩余油的深度挖潜。本文以L油田的实际地质特点、开发特点为基础,通过对岩石物理实验资料进行综合分析,采用岩石物理相划分的方法,对研究区水淹层展开精细解释,通过研究取得如下几个方面的成果和认识：(1)通过对研究区储层物性资料、铸体薄片资料、扫描电镜资料、录井资料、压汞资料等进行详细分析,结合区域的地质沉积状况、成岩相的特点将研究区储层划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ共四种储层类型,Ⅰ类相为研究区储集物性最好的储层,主要为弱溶蚀相,以河口坝中上部、水下分流河道为主；Ⅱ类相储集物性较Ⅰ类差,主要为胶结相,以河口坝中下部、远砂坝中上部为主；Ⅲ类相次之,主要为充填相,以河口坝、远砂坝下部为主；Ⅳ类相物性最差,为压实相,发育于水动力条件弱的支流间湾。(2)通过对油层电阻率与储层物性参数进行分析,发现油层电阻率与储层有效孔隙度之间有着较好的相关性,从而建立了研究区的原始地层电阻率反演模型,通过在现场的应用,证明了反演模型的适用性。(3)根据建立的岩石物理相划分标准,对研究区的岩电实验资料以及油水相对渗透率资料进行分类处理,建立了每一类相的岩电参数模型以及油水相对渗透率模型。各类相之间的岩电参数存在较大差异,油水相对渗透率随着含水饱和度的变化关系也存在较大的差异。(4)L油田的注入水变化复杂,初期注入海水,后期改为污水回注,目前注入来自馆陶组的地层水。针对研究区的实际特点,从地层导电机理出发,以岩石物理相为基础,建立了一套适用于研究区的水淹层混合液地层水电阻率的动态评价方法,为水淹层的定量综合解释奠定了基础。(5)通过研究区部分新钻调整井进行综合分析,发现研究区剩余油主要受沉积韵律、井距、断层控制。在渗透率级差小于5的反韵律地层,水的重力影响占主导作用,表现为中下部水淹较严重,剩余油主要分布在顶部；当渗透率级差大于5时,储层的物性影响占主导作用,表现为储层中上部水淹,剩余油主要分布在中下部；正韵律、均质韵律地层表现为中下部水淹严重,剩余油主要分布在顶部。
[Abstract]:At present, with the deepening of exploration and development, most of the water flooding development fields in China have entered the middle and high water cut period, and the remaining oil is complicated. At the same time, with the development of water injection, the reservoir is constantly reformed, the heterogeneity is strengthened, and the early water flooded evaluation method is no longer applicable. In addition, with the continuous reduction of the global oil resources, The geological condition of the oil workers is becoming more and more complex, and the above factors directly lead to the difficulty in the evaluation of water flooded layers. At the present stage, it is necessary to establish a set of fine water flooded layer evaluation method suitable for the characteristics of oil field development, which is the fundamental means to realize the stable production and increase production of the oil fields. Therefore, the comprehensive interpretation of the logging data of water flooded layers is carried out. Method research is a very necessary.L oilfield, a high-yielding oilfield in the Bohai Bay Basin, which started production in 1993. The production reached 12500 cubic meters in 2002. Then the water content increased gradually and the output decreased. In 2000 II, the production was put into production. At present, the water injection was developed for 21 years, the comprehensive water content reached over 70%, the crude oil was heavy heavy oil, and the contradiction between the layers was prominent. In order to control water and avoid strong water flooded horizon, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive evaluation research on logging in water flooded layer, predict the distribution of remaining oil, and better point out the depth of remaining oil in the later period. This paper is based on the actual situation of L oilfield. Quality characteristics and development characteristics are based on the comprehensive analysis of experimental data of rock physics, using the method of petrophysical phase division to elaborate the water flooded zone in the study area. Through the study, the results and knowledge are obtained as follows: (1) through the material data of the reservoir, the sheet material of the cast, the scanning electron microscope data, Well data and mercury pressure data are analyzed in detail. According to the geological sedimentary status of the region and the characteristics of the diagenetic facies, the reservoir is divided into four types, i. e., I, II, III and IV. The type I phase is the best reservoir in the study area, mainly the weak dissolution phase, the upper part of the river mouth dam, the underwater distributary channel, and the phase II reservoir. Compared with the type I, it is mainly cementing phase, mainly in the middle and lower part of the estuary dam and the middle and upper part of the far sand dam, and the third category is the main filling phase, which is mainly filled with the estuarine dam and the lower part of the far sand dam, and the phase IV phase is the worst, which is a compacted phase, which is developed in the weak interbranch bay with weak hydrodynamic conditions. (2) through the analysis of the resistivity of the oil layer and the physical property of the reservoir, There is a good correlation between the resistivity of the present reservoir and the effective porosity of the reservoir, thus the inversion model of the original formation resistivity in the study area has been established. The applicability of the inversion model is proved by the application in the field. (3) the experimental data of the rock and the relative permeability of the oil and water and the relative permeability of the oil and water are made on the basis of the standard of the petrophysical phase division established. The data are classified and processed, the rock electrical parameters model of each phase and the relative permeability model of oil and water are established. There are great differences between the parameters of the various phases. The relative permeability of oil and water has great difference with the change of water saturation. (4) the injection water of L oilfield is complicated, the initial injection of seawater and the later period are changed to At present, the sewage reinjection is injected into the formation water from the Guantao group. According to the actual characteristics of the study area, based on the formation mechanism of the stratum, based on the rock physical phase, a set of dynamic evaluation method is established for the water and water resistivity of the water flooded layer, which is suitable for the study area, which has laid the foundation for the quantitative comprehensive interpretation of the water flooded layer. (5) through the study The residual oil in the study area is mainly composed of sedimentary rhythm, well spacing and fault control. The gravity influence of water is dominant in the anti prosody stratum with the permeability difference less than 5, which shows that the water flooding in the middle and lower parts is more serious and the remaining oil is mainly distributed on the top; when the permeability difference is greater than 5, the physical property of the reservoir is more than 5. The influence is dominated by water flooding in the middle and upper part of the reservoir, and the remaining oil is mainly distributed in the middle and lower parts, and the normal rhythmic strata are characterized by serious water flooding in the middle and lower parts, and the remaining oil is mainly distributed on the top.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE31

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