钻井中钻压实时预测控制的基础研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 11:30

本文选题：自动送钻 + 时间序列　；参考：《西安石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在钻井过程中,当前大多采用恒压自动送钻系统来调节钻头钻压。传统的自动送钻控制系统具有结构简单、可靠、稳定等特点,但它常不能有效克服负载、钻井参数的大范围变化及非线性的影响,因而在自动送钻这种时变、时滞和非线性的系统中,难以实现准确控制,不能满足钻井要求。针对传统自动送钻控制系统存在的不足,提出基于钻压预测的自动送钻控制系统。首先,应用时间序列与灰色系统理论分别建立钻压预测模型,结合实钻数据校验模型的精度并对比两种模型的优缺点,结果表明,基于灰色系统理论的钻压预测模型具有更高的精度和更强的适用性。然后,利用基于灰色系统理论的钻压预测模型,弱化系统的非线性干扰,建立满足一定约束条件的决策机构,将钻压预测模型与决策机构加入自动送钻控制系统中,设计了钻压预测自动送钻控制系统。最后,在MATLAB/Simulink环境下,结合青海地区某勘探井的相关实钻数据,对钻压预测自动送钻控制系统进行仿真和分析,结果表明:基于灰色理论的钻压预测自动送钻控制系统实现了提前控制的功能,能够较好地补偿误差、减少超调,适用于非线性、滞后系统的控制。
[Abstract]:In the drilling process, most of the current use of constant pressure automatic drilling system to adjust drill bit pressure. The traditional automatic drilling control system has the characteristics of simple structure, reliability and stability, but it can not effectively overcome the influence of load, large range variation of drilling parameters and nonlinear, so it is time-varying in automatic drilling. In time delay and nonlinear systems, it is difficult to achieve accurate control and can not meet the requirements of drilling. Aiming at the shortcomings of the traditional automatic drilling control system, an automatic drilling control system based on drilling pressure prediction is proposed. Firstly, the time series and grey system theory are applied to establish the prediction model of drilling pressure, and the accuracy of the model is compared with the accuracy of the model. The results show that, The prediction model based on grey system theory has higher precision and better applicability. Then, the prediction model of drilling pressure based on grey system theory is used to weaken the nonlinear disturbance of the system, and a decision mechanism meeting certain constraint conditions is established. The prediction model and decision-making mechanism of drilling pressure are added to the automatic drilling control system. The automatic drilling control system for drilling pressure prediction is designed. Finally, in the environment of MATLAB / Simulink, combining with the actual drilling data of a certain exploration well in Qinghai area, the automatic drilling control system for drilling pressure prediction is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the automatic control system of drilling pressure prediction based on grey theory realizes the function of advance control, can compensate the error well, reduce overshoot, and is suitable for the control of nonlinear and delayed systems.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE24

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