大功率压裂车车架结构优化设计

发布时间：2018-06-30 09:22

本文选题：压裂车车架 + 多目标拓扑优化　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：压裂车作为油田压裂关键设备,用来执行高压大排量油田增产作业。压裂车车载设备重量较大,行驶路况较差,压裂过程中压裂泵产生冲击载荷较大。车架作为主要承载部件,既要承受弯曲、扭转等多种载荷及路面不平引起的振动,又要承受压裂作业时压裂泵产生的冲击载荷,应当具备足够刚、强度以及良好的动态性能以保证整车安全性与稳定性。本文以压裂车车架为研究对象,基于结构优化设计理论和方法,进行结构拓扑优化、尺寸优化设计及性能分析,同时开发车架结构优化设计系统,实现车架设计流程的智能化。根据车架结构设计要求,综合考虑静态多工况刚度和低阶固有频率,基于SIMP变密度法对车架进行多目标拓扑优化设计。采用带权重的折衷规划法定义多工况刚度拓扑优化目标函数,平均频率公式定义动态频率优化目标,建立车架结构多目标拓扑优化数学模型,优化后获得兼顾结构刚度和动态特性要求的车架最优拓扑结构。并基于拓扑优化计算结果对车架结构方案进行初步设计。在结构拓扑布局及初始方案设计的基础上,基于ANSYS参数化设计方法对车架结构尺寸参数进行优化设计。建立尺寸优化设计模型,根据灵敏度分析计算结果选取对车架结构性能影响较大的参数为尺寸优化设计变量,利用ANSYS软件提供的零阶优化方法获取最优解的基本位置,经过一阶优化得到精确解,结构性能对比分析表明优化后车架性能得到很大改善。为避免大量重复性工作,提高设计效率,对压裂车车架结构优化设计流程进行标准化,基于Visual Basic软件开发平台开发车架结构优化设计系统。对HyperMesh进行二次开发实现拓扑优化设计流程的自动化,基于APDL语言通过后台调用ANSYS实现车架结构尺寸参数化设计及有限元分析。实例应用表明该系统操作简单方便、可重复性好,能够实现车架结构优化快速设计,为实现同类产品参数化设计提供参考依据。分析计算结果表明优化后车架结构性能更好,承载能力得到提高,本文研究内容为车架结构优化设计提供了一种行之有效的方法。
[Abstract]:As the key equipment of oil field fracturing, fracturing truck is used to increase production of high pressure and large displacement oilfield. The loading load of fracturing pump during fracturing process is large because of its heavy weight and poor driving condition. As the main bearing parts, the frame should not only bear the vibration caused by bending and torsion and uneven road surface, but also bear the impact load caused by fracturing pump, so it should be rigid enough. Strength and good dynamic performance to ensure vehicle safety and stability. Based on the theory and method of structural optimization design, the structure topology optimization, dimension optimization design and performance analysis are carried out in this paper. At the same time, the frame structure optimization design system is developed to realize the intelligentization of the frame design flow. According to the requirements of frame structure design, the multi-objective topology optimization design of frame is carried out based on SIMP variable density method, considering the static multi-condition stiffness and low-order natural frequency. The objective function of multi-condition stiffness topology optimization is defined by the tradeoff programming method with weight, the dynamic frequency optimization objective is defined by the average frequency formula, and the mathematical model of multi-objective topology optimization of frame structure is established. After optimization, the optimal topology of the frame is obtained, which takes account of both the stiffness and the dynamic characteristics of the frame. Based on the results of topology optimization, the scheme of frame structure is preliminarily designed. Based on the structural topology layout and initial scheme design, the structural dimension parameters of the frame are optimized based on ANSYS parametric design method. The dimension optimization design model is established. According to the results of sensitivity analysis, the parameters which have a great influence on the performance of the frame are selected as the dimension optimization design variables, and the basic position of the optimal solution is obtained by using the zero order optimization method provided by ANSYS software. After the first order optimization, the exact solution is obtained, and the comparative analysis of the structure performance shows that the performance of the frame is greatly improved after the optimization. In order to avoid a lot of repetitive work and improve design efficiency, the optimization design system of frame structure is developed based on Visual basic software development platform. HyperMesh is redeveloped to realize the automation of topology optimization design process. Based on APDL language, the parameterized design and finite element analysis of frame structure size are realized by calling ANSYS in the background. The practical application shows that the system is easy to operate and repeatable. It can realize the optimization and rapid design of the frame structure and provide the reference for the parameterized design of the similar products. The results of analysis and calculation show that the performance of the frame structure is better and the bearing capacity is improved after the optimization. The research content of this paper provides an effective method for the optimization design of the frame structure.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE934.2

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