深水钻井隔水管装置防反冲控制对策及应用研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 21:35

本文选题：深水钻井 + 隔水管　；参考：《中国石油大学(华东)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国石油勘探作业水深的增加,深水钻井隔水管系统在海洋油气勘探开发过程中得到了越来越广泛的应用。由于海洋作业环境恶劣,当钻井作业过程发生故障时,为防止隔水管断裂,必须紧急断开与井口防喷器的连接,隔水管在紧急脱离后会向上反冲,若反冲得不到有效控制,将会严重损坏井口装置及平台设备。本文结合国家科技重大专项“深水钻完井工程技术”子课题(2011ZX05026-001-05)“深水钻井隔水管作业管理及安全评价技术”,进行隔水管反冲控制系统的研究,为我国深水钻井作业过程中隔水管系统的安全保障提供参考。本文所研究的隔水管反冲控制系统主要由隔水管张紧系统、反冲阀、隔离阀和PLC自动控制系统组成。在对深水钻井隔水管反冲机理及防反冲控制基础进行分析的基础上,针对直接作用式隔水管张紧系统工作过程中反冲控制系统各组件的特性建立反冲控制系统的数学模型,基于MATLAB建立反冲控制系统的仿真模型,分别采用PID和模糊PID控制算法进行仿真研究,仿真结果表明基于模糊PID控制算法的仿真模型控制精度更高。基于S7-300系列PLC制定深水钻井隔水管反冲控制系统的整体控制方案。根据反冲控制系统的控制要求及特点,进行PLC等设备的选型及硬件电路设计,完成隔水管反冲控制系统的软件设计,软件系统包括信号采集处理、隔水管紧急脱离判断、控制液压油流速、控制系统气体体积及系统故障报警等模块,设计基于PLC的模糊PID控制算法,以实现深水钻井隔水管紧急情况下的成功脱离、反冲发生时的有效控制、故障发生时的准确实时报警等功能,并模拟实现了钻井隔水管紧急脱离时的反冲控制功能。设计基于WinCC的反冲控制系统的监控界面,通过WinCC与PLC之间的通讯,实现对反冲控制系统的实时监控及故障检测报警等功能。
[Abstract]:With the increase of water depth in petroleum exploration in China, deepwater drilling riser system has been more and more widely used in offshore oil and gas exploration and development. In order to prevent the breakage of the riser, the connection to the blowout preventer at the wellhead must be disconnected urgently when the drilling operation is in bad condition. The riser will backwash upward after an emergency detach, and if the backwash is not effectively controlled, Will seriously damage wellhead installations and platform equipment. In this paper, combined with the national scientific and technological project "Deep Water drilling and completion Engineering Technology" (2011ZX05026-001-05) "Deepwater drilling riser operation management and safety evaluation technology", the research on backwash control system of water riser is carried out. It provides a reference for the safety guarantee of the riser system in the process of deep water drilling in our country. The backwash control system of the riser studied in this paper is mainly composed of the riser tensioning system, the recoil valve, the isolating valve and the PLC automatic control system. Based on the analysis of recoil mechanism and backwash control foundation of deepwater drilling riser, the mathematical model of backwash control system is established according to the characteristics of each component of backwash control system in the working process of direct-acting riser tensioning system. The simulation model of recoil control system is established based on MATLAB. The simulation results show that the simulation model based on fuzzy pid control algorithm is more accurate. Based on S7-300 series PLC, the whole control scheme of backwash control system for deep water drilling riser is established. According to the control requirements and characteristics of recoil control system, the selection of PLC and other equipment and the design of hardware circuit are carried out, and the software design of backwash control system of riser is completed. The software system includes signal collection and processing, emergency escape judgment of riser. The fuzzy pid control algorithm based on PLC is designed to control hydraulic oil flow velocity, control system gas volume and system fault alarm module, so as to realize the effective control of escape and backwash of deepwater drilling riser in emergency. The function of accurate and real time alarm when the fault occurs, and the backwash control function of drilling riser during emergency breakaway is simulated. The monitoring interface of recoil control system based on WinCC is designed. Through the communication between WinCC and PLC, the functions of real-time monitoring and fault detection and alarm of recoil control system are realized.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE951

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