水平井不同完井方法模拟及应用研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 21:38

本文选题：水平井 + 完井　；参考：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：水平井具有改善油藏动态剖面、提高油气井单井产量等优点,因而广泛应用于油气藏开发中,针对水平井的完井技术也随之快速发展。复杂的完井结构使水平井内流体流动的几何形态变得更加复杂,例如跟趾效应使得底水不均匀脊进,造成油气井跟部暴性水淹,降低油气藏最终采收率。选择合适的完井方法可以让水平井得到高效开发,而准确模拟井筒内流体流动动态是高效开发的前提和保证。传统水平井模拟技术很少考虑完井结构对井筒流动的影响,也没有针对模型的计算方法,因此无法对水平段流动提供精确有效的模拟。基于此,本文以等值渗流原理为基础,利用节点分析法并考虑油气水三相流体,建立了水平井多相流体流动网络模型,并分别用割缝衬管完井、裸眼完井、分段变盲筛管完井和喷嘴型ICD完井对模型进行适当改进。然后考虑不同完井附加压降,求解模型得到定井底流压时采用不同完井方法水平段的压力、流量分布。取得了如下成果及认识： (1)使用模型计算时,选择合理的初值以提高计算精度,同时应根据水平段长度和工程要求进行合理的分段。 (2)计算结果能够准确反映出受跟趾效应影响,水平段上压力沿跟端到趾端下降,越接近跟端压降速度越快；油藏与井筒压差越大,径向流量越大；而径向流量在水平段上不断累积,水平段流量从趾端到跟端逐渐上升。 (3)计算结果能够反映出分段变盲筛管完井依靠封隔油藏及环空流入限制流体流入控制段,喷嘴型ICD完井能降低跟趾效应影响,趾端到跟端压差极小,但该完井方法会牺牲水平段的产能。 (4)计算结果表明在实际生产中ICD更适宜应用于高渗油藏和高产井,同时应根据工程及成本需要选择合适的喷嘴直径。 (5)实例分析表明,该模型可以较为准确地评价ICD现场应用效果,对现场应用具有一定参考价值。本文建立的模型可以较为准确地模拟出不同完井方法下水平井筒内流体动态,对水平井完井技术的优选也具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:The horizontal well has the advantages of improving the dynamic profile of the reservoir and improving the single well production of the oil and gas wells, so it is widely used in the development of oil and gas reservoirs, and the completion technology for horizontal wells is also rapidly developing. The oil and gas wells are flooded with the following storm, and the final recovery of the oil and gas reservoirs is reduced. The selection of appropriate completion methods can make the horizontal well develop efficiently, and the accurate simulation of the flow dynamics in the wellbore is the prerequisite and guarantee for the efficient development.
The traditional horizontal well simulation technology seldom considers the effect of completion structure on the wellbore flow, and there is no calculation method for the model. Therefore, it can not provide accurate and effective simulation for the horizontal section flow. Based on this, this paper, based on the principle of equivalent seepage flow, uses the node analysis method to consider the oil and gas water three-phase fluid, and establishes the multiphase flow in the horizontal well. The model of body flow network is used to improve the model with slit liner completion, naked hole completion, piecewise blind sieve tube completion and nozzle type ICD completion. Then considering the additional pressure drop of different completion wells, the pressure and flow distribution of the horizontal section of different completion methods are used to solve the model, and the following results and knowledge are obtained. :
(1) when using the model to select the reasonable initial value, the accuracy of calculation can be improved. At the same time, reasonable segmentation should be made according to the length of the horizontal section and the engineering requirement.
(2) the calculation results can accurately reflect the effect of the heel toe effect. The pressure of the horizontal section drops along the heel end to the toe, the faster the pressure drop of the heel end, the greater the pressure difference between the oil reservoir and the wellbore, the larger the radial flow is, and the radial flow accumulates continuously in the horizontal section, and the level of the horizontal section increases gradually from the toe to the heel.
(3) the calculation results can reflect that the completion of a piecewise blind sieve tube depends on the flow inflow control section of the sealed reservoir and the inflow of the annular space. The completion of the nozzle type ICD can reduce the effect of the heel effect, and the difference between the toe end to the heel end is very small, but the completion method will sacrifice the productivity of the horizontal section.
(4) the calculation results show that ICD is more suitable for high permeability reservoirs and high production wells in actual production, and appropriate nozzle diameters should be selected according to engineering and cost needs.
(5) example analysis shows that the model can accurately evaluate the field application effect of ICD, and has a certain reference value for field application.
The model established in this paper can accurately simulate the fluid dynamics in horizontal wellbore under different completion methods, and it also has a certain guiding significance for the optimization of horizontal well completion technology.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE257

【参考文献】