分层注汽井用新型空心注汽阀研制与应用

发布时间：2018-07-05 08:30

本文选题：蒸汽驱 + 分层注汽　；参考：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：蒸汽驱注汽技术是目前开采稠油广泛应用的技术,其中注汽阀是技术中至关重要的一环。传统的注汽阀主要采用喷嘴注汽的形式,通过改变喷嘴口径大小来调整注入量。在投入使用前需根据设计注入量来确定喷嘴口径并制作注汽阀,随后进行修井作业,把注汽阀连接在管柱上并下入井筒内。传统的注汽阀注汽量固定,调节注汽量需要将管柱全部起出并更换注汽阀,或进行繁杂的内芯打捞投送作业,效率低下。同时由于设计年代久远,在实际应用中逐渐显现出诸多问题,导致需要频繁进行修井作业,采油成本飙升。为了解决以上问题,设计并研制分层注汽井用新型空心注汽阀。分层注汽井用新型空心注汽阀是基于现场作业情况,设计并研发的易打捞、易投送、配汽量精准、采用环形气流通道注汽的新型注汽阀装置。本文分析了国内外现有注汽阀技术的优缺点,阐述了新型空心注汽阀的设计思路,在投入现场应用前,运用ANSYS、Fluent软件对新型空心注汽阀进行了模拟分析,最后对新型空心注汽阀的现场应用效果进行跟踪、分析和评价。研制之初,首先调查了现有分层注汽阀的优势与缺陷,总结传统分层注汽阀应用中存在的问题,保留优秀的设计思路。设计过程中充分调研现场应用环境,提出采用环形气流通的设计思路,并逐步形成新型空心注汽阀及配套打捞及投送装置的结构设计,并完成图纸绘制。应用有限元软件ANSYS实现了对新型空心注汽阀有限元模型的建立,模拟实际应用条件下各部位的应力情况应力,分析了关键部位的应力分布,推断新型空心注汽阀的在工况下的结构承载能力。应用利用Fluent软件对新型空心注汽阀的流体性能进行了评估。设计配套室内试验装置并制作了实验样机进行了室内及现场试验,同时在辽河油田不同地层特性的区块进行了现场应用,并对现场应用效果进行评估。新型空心注汽阀及其配套投捞工具获国家授权发明专利一项,实用新型专利两项。截止2017年1月,新型空心注汽阀已分别在辽河油田蒸汽区块和蒸汽吞吐区块进行了现场应用,完成了多井次投捞试验,总体应用效果较传统注汽阀更加优秀。新型空心注汽阀的研发将有效解决目前分层汽驱注汽阀所面临的技术难题,并对未来注汽阀技术的发展产生深远的影响。同时由于新型空心注汽阀具有通用性,可适用于蒸汽驱、SAGD、蒸汽吞吐及火烧油层及特殊井的选层注汽等稠油热采工艺管柱,因此具有非常大的市场推广价值。
[Abstract]:Steam flooding technology is a widely used technology for heavy oil exploitation at present. The steam injection valve is a vital part of the technology. The traditional steam injection valve mainly adopts the form of nozzle injection to adjust the injection quantity by changing the size of the nozzle. The steam injection valve is connected to the pipe column and down into the wellbore. The traditional steam injection valve is fixed and the steam injection amount needs to be taken out and replaced by the steam injection valve, or the complex inner core fishing operation is carried out, and the efficiency is low. In order to solve the above problems, a new hollow steam injection valve for stratified steam injection well is designed and developed for solving the above problems. A new type of hollow steam injection valve used for stratified injection well is designed and developed, which is easy to salvage, easy to deliver, accurate distribution of steam, and a new injection of steam injection in annular airflow channel. The advantages and disadvantages of the current steam injection valve technology at home and abroad are analyzed and the design idea of the new type hollow steam injection valve is expounded. The new hollow steam injection valve is simulated and analyzed with ANSYS and Fluent software before putting into field application. Finally, the field application effect of the new hollow steam injection valve is tracked, analyzed and evaluated. At the beginning, the advantages and defects of the existing stratified steam injection valve are investigated, and the existing problems in the application of the traditional stratified steam injection valve are summarized, and the excellent design ideas are retained. In the process of design, the field application environment is fully investigated and the design idea of annular gas circulation is put forward, and a new type of hollow steam injection valve and a supporting fishing and feeding device are gradually formed. The finite element model of the new type hollow steam injection valve is established by using the finite element software ANSYS. The stress condition stress of each part under the actual application conditions is simulated, the stress distribution of the key parts is analyzed, and the structure bearing capacity of the new hollow steam injection valve is deduced. The application of Fluent is applied to the design of the new hollow steam injection valve. The software is used to evaluate the fluid performance of the new type of hollow steam injection valve. The laboratory test device is designed and the experimental prototype is made in laboratory and field test. At the same time, the field application of the different stratum characteristics in Liaohe Oilfield is applied, and the field application results are evaluated. The new hollow steam injection valve and its supporting fishing tool are also evaluated. In January 2017, the new type of hollow steam injection valve has been applied to the steam block and steam huff and puff block in Liaohe Oilfield, and the new type of hollow steam injection valve has been applied in the Liaohe oil field and the steam huff and puff block respectively in January 2017. The multi well salvage test has been completed. The overall application effect is better than the traditional steam injection valve. The research and development of the new hollow steam injection valve will be effectively solved. At the same time, the technical problems faced by the steam injection valve in the stratified steam drive are resolved and the future development of the steam injection valve technology has a profound influence. At the same time, because of the versatility of the new hollow steam injection valve, it can be applied to the steam flooding, SAGD, steam huff and puff, the burning oil layer and the selection of the special well. The value of the field promotion.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE934.4

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