高温高流速下的环烷酸腐蚀研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 16:12

本文选题：环烷酸腐蚀 + 温度　；参考：《安徽工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：环烷酸腐蚀是炼制劣质原油过程中存在于炼制装置中的一种常见腐蚀形式,是炼制高酸原油过程中亟待解决的问题。尽管高酸原油炼制企业大部分已进行设备适应性改造、工艺改进、添加缓蚀剂或采用混炼等方式以降低腐蚀,但在弯头、三通、泵等存在高速湍流的区域环烷酸腐蚀依然严重。因此对环烷酸腐蚀规律进行研究对炼油装置结构设计、寿命预测及长周期安全运行具有现实意义。本文通过高温高流速下的环烷酸腐蚀试验,测得了不同温度、流速等条件下的环烷酸腐蚀速率。其次通过对腐蚀试验数据整理分析明确了温度对环烷酸腐蚀的影响规律,并通过origin软件绘制相应的关系图。然后通过Fluent软件对流速及湍流状态对环烷酸腐蚀的影响进行模拟仿真呈现出理论模拟结果,同时也通过3D腐蚀形貌分析仪分析实验试样在实验中所受到的实际影响结果。最后对这两个结果进行综合对比分析得出流速及湍流状态对环烷酸腐蚀的主要影响规律。本文主要结论如下:(1)对环烷酸腐蚀动力学控制机制的分析表明环烷酸腐蚀速率主要受腐蚀反应自身控制,反应物、产物的传质及吸脱附过程不是环烷酸腐蚀的控制过程,理论分析表明腐蚀速率V与温度T间符合Arrhenius公式。(2)API581及腐蚀实验的数据分析证明腐蚀速率V与温度间确实符合lnV正比于(-1/T)的线性规律,与理论分析吻合,可应用lnV正比于(-1/T)的线性规律来实现环烷酸腐蚀速率的预测。(3)高速流直喷冲击下试样表面湍流强度随距离试样中心的距离R增大而降低。在试样中心附近存在最高湍流,强度数值约9.5%。同时,湍流强度对局部的最大腐蚀深度及局部平均腐蚀深度有显著影响,影响程度随湍流强度的加大而增强,在强湍流区试样具有最高的腐蚀速率,强湍流区域的局部腐蚀深度为平均腐蚀深度的4倍以上。
[Abstract]:Naphthenic acid corrosion is one of the common corrosion forms in the process of refining crude oil with poor quality and is a problem to be solved urgently in the process of refining high acid crude oil. Although most of the high-acid crude oil refining enterprises have carried out equipment adaptation modification, process improvement, addition of corrosion inhibitor or mixing to reduce corrosion, the naphthenic acid corrosion is still serious in the region with high speed turbulence such as elbow, three-way, pump and so on. Therefore, the study of naphthenic acid corrosion law is of practical significance for the structural design, life prediction and long period safe operation of refinery units. In this paper, the naphthenic acid corrosion rate at different temperature and flow rate was measured by the naphthenic acid corrosion test at high temperature and high flow rate. Secondly, the influence of temperature on the corrosion of naphthenic acid is clarified through the analysis of corrosion test data, and the corresponding relationship diagram is drawn by origin software. Then the effects of flow rate and turbulence on naphthenic acid corrosion were simulated by fluent software, and the experimental results were analyzed by 3D corrosion morphology analyzer. Finally, the main effects of flow rate and turbulent state on naphthenic acid corrosion were analyzed and compared. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the analysis of the mechanism of naphthenic acid corrosion kinetics shows that the corrosion rate of naphthenic acid is mainly controlled by the corrosion reaction itself, the mass transfer and desorption process of reactants and products is not the control process of naphthenic acid corrosion. The theoretical analysis shows that the corrosion rate V and temperature T conform to the Arrhenius formula. (2) the data analysis of API581 and corrosion experiment proves that the corrosion rate V and temperature really accord with the linear law of LNV proportional to (-1 / T), which is consistent with the theoretical analysis. The linear law of LNV proportional to (-1 / T) can be used to predict the corrosion rate of naphthenic acid. (3) the surface turbulence intensity decreases with the increase of distance R from the center of the sample. There is the highest turbulence near the center of the specimen, and the intensity is about 9.5%. At the same time, the turbulence intensity has a significant effect on the local maximum corrosion depth and the local average corrosion depth, and the influence degree increases with the increase of the turbulence intensity, and the sample has the highest corrosion rate in the strong turbulent zone. The local corrosion depth in the strong turbulent region is more than 4 times of the average corrosion depth.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE986

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