钻井堵漏系统的设计研制

发布时间：2018-07-15 17:06

【摘要】：在石油钻井过程中,井漏事故频发,严重的井漏会导致井塌、卡钻、井喷等钻井事故,给钻井工程带来极大的危害,导致裸眼井报废,造成巨大的经济损失。由于井漏现象的复杂性和多变性,井漏问题一直是困扰石油开采的重大技术难题。在了解现有钻井堵漏技术存在优缺点的基础上,研制了一种新型钻井堵漏系统。利用形状记忆合金的记忆功能设计了机械结构和电控制装置相结合的钻井堵漏系统,运用三维设计软件Solidworks设计了堵漏系统的机械结构,建立了三维模型,进行了虚拟装配;利用可靠性设计技术,确定了分离螺栓的结构尺寸参数;利用孔口应力集中的原理,推导出分离螺栓在受拉应力时,应力集中的最大值及应力集中区域,为分离螺栓的设计提供理论依据;运用有限元分析软件ABAQUS,对菱形弹簧网的受力进行了有限元静力分析,分析了弹簧网在压缩状态下每个螺栓所受应力的情况,以及螺栓受到拉应力时,螺栓环形槽处的应力分布情况和螺栓位移变形情况;根据钻井过程中的工况,以及钻井现场已有的设备条件,利用形状记忆合金受热发生形变的特性,设计了一整套电加热系统,确保在加热过程螺栓可以被形状记忆合金顶断。依据分析设计研制了堵漏系统的机械装置,并针对其中的关键零件——分离螺栓进行了实验室拉断试验,证明设计的堵漏系统能够实现预定的功能。
[Abstract]:In the process of oil drilling, well leakage accidents occur frequently, and serious well leakage will lead to well collapse, drilling jam, blowout and other drilling accidents, which will bring great harm to drilling engineering, lead to the abandonment of open hole wells, and cause huge economic losses. Due to the complexity and variability of well leakage phenomenon, well leakage problem has always been a major technical problem puzzling oil production. A new drilling plugging system is developed on the basis of understanding the advantages and disadvantages of existing drilling plugging techniques. Based on the memory function of shape memory alloy, the drilling plugging system combining mechanical structure and electric control device is designed. The mechanical structure of the plugging system is designed by using 3D design software Solidworks, and the 3D model is established and virtual assembly is carried out. By using the reliability design technology, the structural dimension parameters of the separation bolt are determined, and the maximum stress concentration and the stress concentration region of the separation bolt under tensile stress are derived by using the principle of stress concentration at the orifice. By using finite element analysis software Abaqus, the finite element static analysis of the diamond spring net is carried out, and the stress of each bolt in the compression state of the spring net is analyzed. The stress distribution at the bolt ring groove and the deformation of the bolt displacement when the bolt is subjected to tensile stress, according to the working conditions during drilling and the existing equipment conditions on the drilling site, the deformation characteristics of shape memory alloy under heating are used. A set of electric heating system is designed to ensure that the bolt can be broken by shape memory alloy during heating. According to the analysis, the mechanical device of the plugging system is designed and developed, and the laboratory tensile test is carried out for the key part-separation bolt. It is proved that the designed plugging system can achieve the predetermined function.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE921.9

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