油田用相变加热炉换热问题的研究

发布时间：2018-07-15 22:34

【摘要】：相变加热炉是从上世纪90年代逐步发展并应用于工业和民用的一种高效节能的新型加热设备,具有高效、安全、体积小等优势,目前已成为油气集输领域的主力加热炉品种。对于应用在油田的加热炉,其必须要适应油田各种恶劣多变的工况以及复杂多样的被加热介质。近年来,随着油气集输工艺的不断变化和创新,相变加热炉在油田应用中逐渐出现了热负荷跨度大、大流量下小压降的要求、三元区块应用中结垢严重影响换热等不适应的问题,这些问题严重影响相变加热炉在油田的应用。本文的研究旨在提高相变加热炉在油田应用的工况适应能力。本文通过对相变加热炉的辐射传热、对流传热、排烟温度及烟气露点温度、螺纹烟管传热系数等分析,确定了影响相变加热炉热力系统的关键参数;通过对沸腾和凝结换热系数、饱和蒸汽压力、污垢系数等分析,确定了影响加热炉换热系统的关键参数;通过开展污垢生长规律和热阻模拟试验及对实验数据的分析和总结,掌握了温度、流速、介质等条件对加热炉换热的影响。在明确了热力系统、换热系统、介质适应性的各关键影响因素后,结合相变加热炉在油田应用中存在的实际问题,有针对性的提出使相变加热炉适应各种恶劣工况的对策,研发了适应热负荷跨度大的双热力系统相变加热炉、适应大流量的分体相变加热炉、适应易结垢介质的在线除垢式加热炉。通过这些对策提高了相变加热炉在油田应用的工况适应能力。
[Abstract]:Phase change heating furnace is a new type of heating equipment with high efficiency and energy saving which has been developed and applied in industry and civil use since 1990s. It has the advantages of high efficiency, safety and small volume, and has become the main heating furnace variety in the field of oil and gas gathering and transportation. For the reheating furnace used in oil field, it must adapt to all kinds of bad and changeable working conditions and complex and diverse heating medium. In recent years, with the continuous change and innovation of oil and gas gathering and transportation technology, the requirement of large heat load span and small pressure drop under large flow rate has gradually appeared in the application of phase change heating furnace in oil field. In the application of ternary block, scaling seriously affects the heat transfer and other unsuitable problems, and these problems seriously affect the application of phase change heating furnace in oil field. The purpose of this paper is to improve the adaptability of phase change furnace in oil field. Based on the analysis of radiation heat transfer, convection heat transfer, exhaust gas temperature and flue gas dew point temperature, and heat transfer coefficient of threaded pipe, the key parameters affecting the thermal system of the phase change furnace are determined in this paper. Through the analysis of boiling and condensation heat transfer coefficient, saturated steam pressure, fouling coefficient and so on, the key parameters affecting the heat transfer system of heating furnace are determined, and the fouling growth law and thermal resistance simulation test are carried out and the experimental data are analyzed and summarized. The influence of temperature, flow rate and medium on the heat transfer of heating furnace has been grasped. After defining the key factors of thermal system, heat transfer system and medium adaptability, combined with the practical problems existing in the application of phase change heating furnace in oil field, the countermeasures to adapt phase change heating furnace to various bad working conditions are put forward. A double thermal system phase change heating furnace adapted to large heat load span, a split phase change heating furnace with large flow rate, and an on-line scale removing heating furnace suitable for easy scaling medium are developed. Through these countermeasures, the adaptability of phase change heating furnace applied in oil field is improved.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE93

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