悬浮床加氢鼓泡床反应器及其分布器的数值模拟
发布时间：2018-07-17 04:07
【摘要】：重油悬浮床加氢技术优点突出,是劣质重油轻质化的理想工艺,对炼油工业具有战略性意义,同时也是一项巨大的挑战。悬浮床加氢技术所采用的典型反应器是鼓泡床反应器,在反应器的工程放大过程中,分布器的设计、优化以及反应器内的流体力学特性至关重要。本文总结了管式分布器的具体设计方法,采用CFD方法模拟了分布器和反应器,为悬浮床加氢技术选择合适的分布器提供了依据,进而为反应器的工程放大和工业化提供帮助。主要研究内容如下:参考华盛顿大学鼓泡床反应器流体力学实验,利用CFD软件建立鼓泡床反应器多相流计算模型,将模拟结果与实验数据进行对比,吻合较好,验证了所建立模型的可靠性和准确性。总结了管式分布器的设计思路和具体设计方法,以5万吨/年重油悬浮床加氢工业装置的反应器为对象分别设计了10种不同尺寸的管式分布器;同时根据工程经验设计了单喷嘴、文丘里喷嘴和多喷嘴型分布器。通过CFD方法建立了管式分布器的单相流计算模型,分析了环管和排管分布器出口气速的分布规律,分别讨论了孔径、孔间距和布孔管管径对两种管式分布器出口气速和分布不均匀度的影响,确定了尺寸最佳的管式分布器结构参数。将设计的喷嘴型分布器以及最优尺寸的管式分布器加入到工业尺寸鼓泡床反应器中,采用验证过的CFD计算模型对反应器进行三维全尺寸模拟,分析了反应器内流动规律,比较了不同分布器的性能,结果表明管式分布器的性能明显优于喷嘴型分布器。
[Abstract]:Heavy oil suspension bed hydrogenation technology has outstanding advantages and is an ideal process for the light weight of inferior heavy oil. It is of strategic significance to the refining industry and a great challenge at the same time. The typical reactor used in suspension bed hydrogenation is bubbling bed reactor. In the process of engineering amplification, the design and optimization of distributor and the hydrodynamic characteristics in reactor are very important. In this paper, the concrete design method of tubular distributor is summarized, and the distributor and reactor are simulated by CFD method, which provides the basis for selecting suitable distributor for suspended bed hydrogenation technology, and then provides help for the engineering enlargement and industrialization of the reactor. The main research contents are as follows: referring to the fluid dynamics experiment of bubble bed reactor at the University of Washington, the multiphase flow calculation model of bubble bed reactor is established by CFD software, and the simulation results are compared with the experimental data, and the results are in good agreement with each other. The reliability and accuracy of the model are verified. The design idea and design method of tubular distributor were summarized. 10 kinds of tubular distributors with different sizes were designed with the reactor of heavy oil suspension bed hydrogenation unit of 50,000 tons per year as the object. At the same time, single nozzle, Venturi nozzle and multi-nozzle distributor are designed according to engineering experience. The single-phase flow calculation model of the tube distributor is established by CFD method. The distribution law of the outlet gas velocity of the loop distributor and the row tube distributor is analyzed, and the pore diameter is discussed, respectively. The effects of hole spacing and pipe diameter on the outlet gas velocity and distribution uniformity of two kinds of tube distributors were studied. The optimum structural parameters of the tube distributor were determined. The designed nozzle distributor and the optimal size tube distributor were added to the industrial size bubbling bed reactor. The three-dimensional full-scale simulation of the reactor was carried out by using the verified CFD calculation model, and the flow law in the reactor was analyzed. The performance of different distributor is compared. The results show that the performance of tubular distributor is better than that of nozzle distributor.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE96
本文编号：2128942
[Abstract]:Heavy oil suspension bed hydrogenation technology has outstanding advantages and is an ideal process for the light weight of inferior heavy oil. It is of strategic significance to the refining industry and a great challenge at the same time. The typical reactor used in suspension bed hydrogenation is bubbling bed reactor. In the process of engineering amplification, the design and optimization of distributor and the hydrodynamic characteristics in reactor are very important. In this paper, the concrete design method of tubular distributor is summarized, and the distributor and reactor are simulated by CFD method, which provides the basis for selecting suitable distributor for suspended bed hydrogenation technology, and then provides help for the engineering enlargement and industrialization of the reactor. The main research contents are as follows: referring to the fluid dynamics experiment of bubble bed reactor at the University of Washington, the multiphase flow calculation model of bubble bed reactor is established by CFD software, and the simulation results are compared with the experimental data, and the results are in good agreement with each other. The reliability and accuracy of the model are verified. The design idea and design method of tubular distributor were summarized. 10 kinds of tubular distributors with different sizes were designed with the reactor of heavy oil suspension bed hydrogenation unit of 50,000 tons per year as the object. At the same time, single nozzle, Venturi nozzle and multi-nozzle distributor are designed according to engineering experience. The single-phase flow calculation model of the tube distributor is established by CFD method. The distribution law of the outlet gas velocity of the loop distributor and the row tube distributor is analyzed, and the pore diameter is discussed, respectively. The effects of hole spacing and pipe diameter on the outlet gas velocity and distribution uniformity of two kinds of tube distributors were studied. The optimum structural parameters of the tube distributor were determined. The designed nozzle distributor and the optimal size tube distributor were added to the industrial size bubbling bed reactor. The three-dimensional full-scale simulation of the reactor was carried out by using the verified CFD calculation model, and the flow law in the reactor was analyzed. The performance of different distributor is compared. The results show that the performance of tubular distributor is better than that of nozzle distributor.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE96
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