抗高温油包水钻井液体系及其流变性研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 21:43

【摘要】：随着当今钻井技术的不断发展和完善,钻遇深井、超深井的情况大大增加。随着钻井深度的增加,井内的温度和压力也越来越高,温度的升高会导致钻井液的表观粘度及剪切应力下降,而压力的增大将会导致表观粘度及剪切应力增大。本课题研究油包水钻井液,油包水钻井液具有抑制性强,有利于井壁稳定;润滑性好,有利于提高机械钻速;同时兼具抗温性好等特点。因此,油包水钻井液在钻遇高温深井,水平井等复杂井时具有更多更大的优势。目前油包水钻井液已成为解决复杂地层钻井问题的重要手段。然而在高温高压情况下,油包水钻井液的性能会发生巨变且不宜于控制和调整。其中流变性是钻井液的重要性能之一,它是指在外力作用下,钻井液发生流动和变形的特性。如何更有效的掌控温度和压力对流变性能的影响是当下的主要课题,是解决油包水钻井液抗高温性能的关键。在充分调研的基础上,首先对抗高温油包水钻井液的乳化剂进行了研究。分析了油包水钻井液的抗温原理,对乳化剂的分子结构进行设计,合成了双子季铵盐型表面活性剂并对其乳化性能进行评价。其次,通过对油包水钻井液的基本组分和性能调节机理的深入分析,最终优选出抗高温油包水钻井液的基础配方。同时对油包水钻井液的流变性能开展了室内研究工作,本课题分析了影响钻井液流变性的因素,主要研究温度和压力对钻井液流变性能的影响,利用Herschel-Bulkley关系式对钻井液样品的黏度进行数学描述,为选择和设计抗高温油包水钻井液体系提供基础;为提高高温深井的勘探与开发效益提供技术支持。有关研究成果为在国内进一步开展油包水钻井液技术现场试验奠定了坚实的理论基础,具有重要的实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and improvement of drilling technology, the situation of drilling in deep wells and ultra deep wells is greatly increased. With the increase of drilling depth, the temperature and pressure in the well are higher and higher. The increase of temperature will lead to the decrease of apparent viscosity and shear stress of drilling fluid, and the increase of pressure will lead to the increase of apparent viscosity and shear stress. This paper studies the oil-in-water drilling fluid. The oil-in-water drilling fluid has the characteristics of strong inhibition, good lubricity, good temperature resistance and so on. Therefore, oil-in-water drilling fluid has more and more advantages in drilling complex wells such as high temperature deep wells and horizontal wells. At present, oil-in-water drilling fluid has become an important means to solve drilling problems in complex formations. However, under the condition of high temperature and high pressure, the performance of oil-in-water drilling fluid will change dramatically and should not be controlled and adjusted. Rheology is one of the important properties of drilling fluid, which refers to the flow and deformation of drilling fluid under external force. How to more effectively control the effect of temperature and pressure on rheological properties is the main issue and the key to solve the high temperature resistance of oil-in-water drilling fluid. On the basis of full investigation, the emulsifying agent of high temperature oil-in-water drilling fluid was studied. The principle of temperature resistance of oil-in-water drilling fluid was analyzed, the molecular structure of emulsifier was designed, the Gemini quaternary ammonium salt surfactant was synthesized and its emulsifying property was evaluated. Secondly, by analyzing the basic composition and performance regulation mechanism of oil-in-water drilling fluid, the basic formula of anti-high-temperature oil-in-water drilling fluid is selected. At the same time, the rheological properties of oil-in-water drilling fluid are studied in laboratory. The factors influencing the rheological property of drilling fluid are analyzed in this paper, and the effects of temperature and pressure on the rheological properties of drilling fluid are mainly studied. By using Herschel-Bulkley relation, the viscosity of drilling fluid sample is described, which provides the foundation for selecting and designing high temperature resistant oil-in-water drilling fluid system, and provides technical support for improving the efficiency of exploration and development of high temperature deep wells. The relevant research results have laid a solid theoretical foundation for further field test of oil-in-water drilling fluid technology in China and have important practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE254

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