水平井爬行器驱动机构结构优化

发布时间：2018-07-23 20:29

【摘要】：随着人们对水平井的不断应用和认识,水平井的经济效益也日益明显,在水平井技术里,水平井爬行器随之诞生了,作为一个非常高效的工具出现,现在已经应用在各种测井,射孔、找水中,普遍受到人们的热烈欢迎,具有很好的发展趋势。爬行器具有很多的优点,它能自身携带动力源,不需要外界通电,而且它自身的质量很轻,比较容易运输,在使用的时候操作也比较容易,并且在拖动检测仪器的时候能准确地到达检测位置,爬行器的这些优点使测井的成本大幅度地减少。本文通过对传统爬行器的工作原理进行研究,结合动力学的基本理论,提出了设计爬行器驱动机构的一种优化方案,对爬行器驱动机构进行了优化设计与分析,将虚拟样机技术应用到爬行器的研究中,主要开展了以下几方面的研究:(1)国内外文献、专利调研。分析水平井爬行器的技术资料和现场使用情况,了解了国内外水平井爬行器的使用现状和先进技术,指出现有产品存在的不足,明确了水平井爬行器的发展趋势。对虚拟样机技术的特点以及国内外发展现状等进行了调研、总结,明确了水平井爬行器方面的应用情况。(2)建立了驱动机构的力学模型。在爬行器驱动机构的基本工作原理上,并建立了驱动机构的力学模型,求解得出调节牵引力大小的各种参数,在实际的作业当中,在满足足够大的牵引力条件下,应该减小爬行器的弹簧力。(3)对爬行器驱动机构进行了参数化建模,通过对设计变量的优化,得到了爬行器驱动机构各个构件能满足目标函数的最优值,通过综合分析得到了爬行器尺寸的最佳组合。(4)建立了爬行器驱动机构的虚拟样机,对虚拟样机进行了组装,并运用动力学理论,建立了驱动机构的运动学约束方程。通过对所建立的虚拟样机进行动力学仿真,得到了不同驱动轮直径和不同管道尺寸的之间的关系,并根据得到的关系,确定了爬行器驱动轮直径的最佳尺寸。(5)利用有限元仿真软件,对爬行器驱动轮的齿轮形状进行优化,得到齿轮形状的最佳参数。本文通过对爬行器驱动机构的结构优化,综合分析后,得到了驱动机构的最佳尺寸,为今后爬行器结构改进与设计提供了参考。
[Abstract]:With the continuous application and understanding of horizontal wells, the economic benefits of horizontal wells are becoming more and more obvious. In horizontal well technology, horizontal well crawlers have emerged as a very efficient tool, and have been used in various kinds of logging now. Perforation, looking for water, is generally welcomed by people, with a good trend of development. The crawler has many advantages. It can carry its own power source, does not need external power, and its own quality is very light, easier to transport, and easier to operate when in use. In addition, the crawler can reach the detection position accurately when dragging the testing instrument, and the cost of logging is greatly reduced because of the advantages of the crawler. By studying the working principle of the traditional crawler and combining with the basic theory of dynamics, this paper puts forward an optimized scheme to design the crawler driving mechanism, and carries on the optimization design and analysis to the crawler drive mechanism. The virtual prototyping technology is applied to the research of crawler, which mainly includes the following aspects: (1) domestic and foreign literature, patent investigation and research. This paper analyzes the technical data and field application of horizontal well crawler, understands the present situation and advanced technology of horizontal well crawler at home and abroad, points out the shortcomings of existing products, and clarifies the development trend of horizontal well crawler. In this paper, the characteristics of virtual prototyping technology and its development status at home and abroad are investigated, and the application of horizontal crawler is clarified. (2) the mechanical model of driving mechanism is established. Based on the basic working principle of the crawler drive mechanism, the mechanical model of the drive mechanism is established, and the various parameters to adjust the traction force are obtained. In the actual operation, under the condition of satisfying the enough traction force, the mechanical model of the drive mechanism is established, and the mechanical model of the drive mechanism is established. The spring force of the crawler should be reduced. (3) the parameterized modeling of the crawler driving mechanism is carried out. Through the optimization of the design variables, the optimum value of each component of the crawler driving mechanism can meet the objective function is obtained. Through comprehensive analysis, the optimal combination of crawler size is obtained. (4) the virtual prototype of the crawler driving mechanism is established, the virtual prototype is assembled, and the kinematics constraint equation of the drive mechanism is established by using the dynamics theory. Through the dynamic simulation of the virtual prototype, the relationship between the diameter of different driving wheel and the different pipe size is obtained, and according to the obtained relationship, The optimum dimension of the diameter of the crawler drive wheel is determined. (5) the gear shape of the crawler drive wheel is optimized by using finite element simulation software, and the optimum parameters of the gear shape are obtained. By optimizing the structure of the crawler driving mechanism and synthetically analyzing, the optimum size of the drive mechanism is obtained, which provides a reference for the improvement and design of the crawler structure in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE927

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