井下钻柱振动测试方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 08:50

【摘要】：随着钻井与测井技术的发展,钻柱振动越来越引起了研究人员的注意和重视。钻柱振动常常会给钻头带来较大损伤,还会引起钻柱疲劳失效以及钻柱磨损等问题,因此,钻柱振动的危害性相当大。由于钻柱的内部特征以及运行的情况可以通过振动信号反映出来,所以,为了识别钻柱的工作状况以及可能会发生的机械故障,本文对钻柱振动测试方法进行了研究。论文首先调研了国内外钻柱振动测试的研究现状,然后对钻柱振动的相关理论进行了研究。完成了钻柱振动测试系统的总体设计,简要分析了系统的各组成部分及功能特点,阐述了系统的功能要求,给出了系统的技术指标,分析了系统的应用环境。钻柱振动测试系统主要由硬件系统和软件系统两部分构成。设计了钻柱振动测试硬件系统,对压电式加速度传感器应用在钻柱振动测试领域作了分析,设计了硬件系统总体框架,分析了各组成部分的作用,设计了一款小型的电荷放大器并简要分析了PCI-8735数据采集卡的功能特点；设计了钻柱振动测试软件系统,采用图形化编程语言LabVIEW来进行软件程序编写,提出了软件系统的需求分析及总体框架,完成了钻柱振动测试系统主界面及各功能模块设计。对钻柱振动测试系统进行试验调试与验证,确定了钻柱振动测试系统的灵敏度。建立了模拟钻柱振动测试的三维直角坐标系,分别模拟测试了钻柱的纵向振动、横向振动、随机振动及跳钻振动,研究分析了钻柱振动信号的时域波形以及频谱特征。
[Abstract]:With the development of drilling and logging technology, drilling string vibration has attracted more and more attention. The vibration of drill string often brings great damage to drill bit, and also causes fatigue failure of drill string and wear of drill string, so the vibration of drill string is very harmful. Because the internal characteristics of drill string and its operation can be reflected by vibration signal, in order to identify the working condition of drill string and the possible mechanical failure, the vibration testing method of drill string is studied in this paper. Firstly, the research status of drill string vibration measurement at home and abroad is investigated, and then the related theory of drill string vibration is studied. The overall design of drill string vibration testing system is completed. The components and functional characteristics of the system are briefly analyzed, the functional requirements of the system are expounded, the technical specifications of the system are given, and the application environment of the system is analyzed. Drill string vibration test system is mainly composed of hardware system and software system. The hardware system of drill string vibration testing is designed. The application of piezoelectric accelerometer in the field of drill string vibration testing is analyzed. The overall frame of the hardware system is designed, and the function of each component is analyzed. A small charge amplifier is designed and the functional characteristics of PCI-8735 data acquisition card are briefly analyzed, and a drill string vibration testing software system is designed, which is programmed by graphical programming language LabVIEW. The requirement analysis and the overall framework of the software system are presented. The main interface of the drill string vibration testing system and the design of each function module are completed. The sensitivity of the drill string vibration test system is determined by testing and verifying the drill string vibration test system. A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system for simulating drill string vibration testing is established. The longitudinal, transverse, random and jump vibration of drill string are simulated and measured, respectively. The time-domain waveform and spectral characteristics of drill string vibration signal are studied and analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE921.2

【参考文献】