钻井液油气定量分离及检测方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 08:07

【摘要】：随钻油气检测技术可以对钻井过程中的地下油气情况进行实时检测和评价,有助于及时发现并评价解释油气层。目前随钻油气分离的主要手段依靠脱气器,并利用色谱原理将钻井液体中的饱和烷烃脱离出来并进行检测、评价。目前该技术存在着检测方法不标准、分析速度慢、油气评价非定量化的问题,制约着该技术的发展和推广。本文的研究目的通过对随钻气体检测技术存在的问题进行分析,从脱气环节、检测环节入手,提出一套系统的定量油气检测方法,并研制出一套完整的原理样机。在脱气环节,提出了一种新型的定量钻井液的脱气方法,通过分析钻井液循环气体存在的运移模式,引入了半透膜脱气的概念,设计了一种新型的油气分离装置,可以直接插入钻井液提取样品。在油气检测环节,通过对快速色谱技术理论分析,系统总结了提高气体检测分析速度的方法。从优化最小分辨率、色谱柱选择性、工作参数等方面入手,明确了影响气体检测分析速度的各个因素。在实验研究基础上提出一套以TCD为基础的快速油气检测装置,该装置可以将油气检测范围从C1~C5扩展到C1~C8,包括苯和甲苯。检测系统的分析周期为90s。在油气评价环节,针对该检测系统微小信号问题,提出了微小气测信号的识别方法;针对不同井采用的录井系统不同,提出了不同井之间气测值对比方法;针对混油钻井液对气测值的干扰问题,分析了混油响应气测值识别方法。该检测系统通过室内实验和两口井现场测试,结果证明系统设计合理,脱气定量性好,检测成分全,检测速度快,为钻井现场油气检测提供了新的手段。
[Abstract]:The technology of oil and gas detection while drilling can detect and evaluate the underground oil and gas situation in real time during drilling, which is helpful to discover and evaluate the oil and gas zones in time. At present, the main means of oil and gas separation while drilling depends on the degassing device, and the saturated alkanes in drilling fluids are separated by chromatographic principle and tested and evaluated. At present, there are some problems in this technology, such as nonstandard detection method, slow analysis speed and non-quantitative evaluation of oil and gas, which restrict the development and popularization of this technology. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the problems existing in the gas while drilling detection technology and to put forward a set of systematic quantitative oil and gas detection method and develop a set of complete principle prototype from degassing link and detection link. In the process of degassing, a new method of degassing of quantitative drilling fluid is put forward. By analyzing the migration mode of circulating gas in drilling fluid, the concept of semi-permeable membrane degassing is introduced, and a new oil and gas separation device is designed. Drilling fluid can be inserted directly to extract samples. In oil and gas detection, the methods to improve the gas detection and analysis speed are systematically summarized through the theoretical analysis of rapid chromatographic technology. From the aspects of optimizing the minimum resolution, column selectivity and working parameters, the factors affecting the gas detection and analysis speed were determined. On the basis of experimental research, a set of rapid oil and gas detection device based on TCD is proposed, which can extend the oil and gas detection range from C1~C5 to C1C8, including benzene and toluene. The analysis period of the detection system is 90 s. In the oil and gas evaluation, aiming at the small signal problem of the detection system, the method of identifying the tiny gas logging signal is put forward, and the comparison method of the gas logging value between different wells is put forward according to the different logging systems used in different wells. Aiming at the interference of mixed drilling fluid to gas logging value, the identification method of mixed oil response gas logging value is analyzed. The results of laboratory experiments and field tests in two wells show that the system has the advantages of reasonable design, good degassing quantification, complete detection components and fast detection speed, which provides a new method for oil and gas detection in drilling field.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE254.1

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