中低产水气井诊断预测方法及排液技术研究

发布时间：2018-08-02 18:49

【摘要】：截至2012年,中石油四大气区的出水井占开井生产井一半以上,其产量约占总产量的60%,出水井中85%的井日产水小于50m3,这部分气井产水后单井产量下降幅度达到20%-85%,给气田的连续、稳定生产带来严重挑战。泡沫排液采气具有设备简单,施工容易,性价比高等优点,是目前排液采气的主体工艺之一。前人研究主要侧重于泡排剂的研发,开发出了一系列针对不同水质条件的泡排剂,而对积液诊断方法及排液优化技术研究甚少,这使得气田现场在泡排选井、泡排剂加注量设计等方面主要采用经验法,缺乏科学性,造成了很多的人力物力浪费。涩北气田是典型的中低产水气田,本文以涩北气田为例开展研究,以积液诊断方法及排液优化技术为研究重点,形成了一套从积液诊断与积液量预测、泡排剂带压实验评价设备研制、高抗盐泡排剂研发、不同生产状态气井的排液采气工艺选择到效果评价的一整套的泡沫排液采气技术,现场应用良好,有效解决了中低产水气田的科学排液采气问题。取得的主要成果如下:1、结合气田生产动态数据,系统分析了整个气田的出水现状及影响,分析得出涩北气田出水历史分三个阶段,分别为凝析水期、稳定出水期与出水快速增长期,目前处于快速增长期。出水在平面上主要分布在构造边部,东北与西北部相对严重;纵向上主要分别在II、III、IV层系,尤其是第III层系出水最为严重。出水后气井产能下降48.6%,对应产量下降幅度5%-47%,平均产量下降了21.88%,出水影响十分严重;2、通过对临界流量分析、油套压差判断、油管积液预测、气井产能分析、专家经验分析等多种积液诊断方法的综合分析、相互验证,创新建立了多因素气井积液诊断方法,并开发了计算机软件。准确率可达到95.77%。对于已积液的气井,在分析目前计算模型存在问题的基础上,建立一个新的积液量计算模型,大幅度提高了预测精度,通过与实测数据对比,油管液面位置平均误差率为5.59%,环空液面位置的平均误差率为4.31%,在涩北气田推广应用,效果良好;3、针对泡排剂评价设备不能加载压力,评价环境与现场实际相差较远的问题,建立一套新的评价设备,评价温度:室温-200℃,压力:大气压-25MPa,为高性能泡排剂的研发及评价提供了分析与测试手段;在新评价设备的基础上,采用两性离子表面活性剂与阴离子表面活性剂复配的方法,研发了一种高耐盐的泡排剂,耐矿化度可达到250000mg/L,其起泡性、稳定性、携液性均大幅度优于现场在用泡排剂;4、结合涩北气田的出水特点,分析多种排液采气工艺在涩北气田的适应性,推荐了涩北气田的主体排液采气工艺为泡排;研制了不同出水情况气井排液采气方式选择控制图,为500多口井推荐了排液采气方式;结合气田配产方案,为气田管理决策提供了必要的依据;5、论文形成的积液诊断方法及排液优化技术在涩北气田推广应用,有效降低出水对气井生产的影响。其中,高效抗盐泡排剂推广应用112口井511井次;优化设计179井次,试验有效率达94%,取得了显著效果,已成为涩北气田稳定并提高单井产量的主要工艺技术之一。
[Abstract]:As of 2012, more than half of the open well production well in the four atmosphere area of CNPC accounted for about 60% of the total output, and 85% of the well produced water in the well was less than 50m3. The output of single well was reduced to 20%-85% after water production, which brought serious challenges to the continuous and stable production of gas fields. It is one of the main processes of liquid gas extraction at present. The former research mainly focuses on the research and development of the drainage agent, and has developed a series of soaking agents for different water quality conditions, but little research on the method of fluid accumulation and the optimization of drainage technology. It is a typical medium and low production water gas field in astringent North gas field. This paper takes astringent North gas field as an example. This paper focuses on the method of hydropic diagnosis and drainage optimization, and forms a set of experiments from the diagnosis of fluid accumulation and the prediction of liquid accumulation and the experiment of bubbling agent band pressure. The research and development of the equipment, the research and development of high anti salt draining agent, a complete set of foam drainage and gas extraction technology in the different production conditions of the gas wells of different production conditions to the effect evaluation, are well applied, effectively solving the problem of scientific drainage and gas production in the medium and low production water and gas fields. The main achievements are as follows: 1, combining the dynamic data of the gas field production, the system has been obtained. The effluent status and influence of the whole gas field are analyzed. It is concluded that the history of the effluent from the astringent gas field is divided into three stages, which are condensate water period, stable effluent period and rapid growth period of effluent, and the effluent is at the rapid growth stage. The effluent is mainly distributed on the structural edge in the plane, and the northeast is relatively serious in the north-west; in the longitudinal direction, it is mainly in II, III, IV, respectively. The effluent of the layer system, especially the III layer, has the most serious effluent. The capacity of the gas well after the effluent is reduced by 48.6%, the output decline is 5%-47%, the average output is reduced by 21.88%, the effect of the effluent is very serious. 2, through the analysis of the critical flow, the oil casing pressure difference, the oil pipe effusion prediction, the gas well productivity analysis, the expert experience analysis and so on, a variety of fluid diagnosis methods. Comprehensive analysis, mutual validation, innovation and establishment of multi factor gas well fluid diagnosis method, and developed computer software. The accuracy rate can reach 95.77%. for the accumulated liquid gas well. On the basis of analyzing the existing problems of the current calculation model, a new calculation model of liquid accumulation is established, which greatly improves the prediction accuracy and through the measured data. In contrast, the average error rate of the oil pipe surface position is 5.59%, the average error rate of the annular liquid surface position is 4.31%. The effect is good in the application of the gas field in astringent North gas field. 3, in view of the problem that the equipment can not load the pressure and evaluate the far difference between the environment and the actual field, a set of new evaluation equipment is set up, and the temperature is evaluated at room temperature -200, and the pressure is: Atmospheric pressure -25MPa provides an analytical and testing means for the development and evaluation of high performance soaking agents. On the basis of the new evaluation equipment, a high salt resistant bubble discharge agent has been developed by the combination of amphoteric ionic surfactants and anionic surfactants. Its salinity can reach 250000mg/L, its foaming, stability, and liquid carrying properties are all 4, combining the characteristics of the effluent from the Shibei gas field, the adaptability of various drainage gas production processes in the astringent gas field is analyzed, and the main body drainage and gas production process is recommended as the bubble row in the astringent gas field, and the selection control chart of the gas drainage gas production mode for different effluent wells is developed, and the drainage and gas extraction mode is recommended for more than 500 wells. Combined with the gas field distribution scheme, it provides the necessary basis for the gas field management decision; 5, the method of fluid accumulation diagnosis and the optimization technique of drainage in the gas field are popularized and applied effectively to reduce the effect of the effluent on the production of gas wells. Among them, the high efficiency anti salt draining agent is popularized and applied in 112 wells 511 wells, and the optimum design of 179 wells has reached 94. The efficiency of the test is 94. It has achieved remarkable results, and has become one of the main technologies for stabilizing and improving single well production in the Shibei gas field.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE377

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