低温环境下不同强度的地震波对油气管道影响的模拟研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 12:47

【摘要】：管道的铺设是复杂而宏大的工程,需要面临很多问题,这里就包括地质灾害。我国又是一个地震地质灾害多发国家,管道在建设和运行过程中,不可避免的要经过那些地震比较频繁的地区,为了有效的预防这些问题,就需要加大科研力度。当然,大地震对管道的破坏是毋庸置疑的,而微震或弱震对管道的影响却往往被人们忽视,最后却造成不可估量的重大损失。因此,研究钢制管道在微震或弱震作用下的各种变化就有了很大的工程意义。本论文在研究过程中涉及到了很多学科的知识,特别是地质学、工程力学和断裂力学这几个学科的知识运用的最多。此外,在分析过程中,主要运用了弹塑性力学和有限元方法。先是建立了要研究的管道模型,接下来进行了计算机模拟仿真。做的主要工作为:本文首先论述了国内外目前关于管道的研究的背景和意义,抗震研究等方面国内外的研究概况,提出了本文所要研究的主要内容,并且对新疆地震灾害、地质气候、管道运输、有限元、ANSYS以及地震研究方法进行分析,从而得到各项研究需要的数据,最后还对裂纹扩展的应力强度因子进行了模拟研究。其次,通过获得的数据建立有限元模型,在低温环境中对管道施加不同的地震载荷,分别对地上和地下两种形式的输油和输气管道进行计算机模拟分析,并且对有初始裂纹的管道和无缺陷管道进行模拟对比分析,还有就是对埋地管道的管土相互作用模型进行分析。最后,结果分析:沿X方向(横向)加载地震载荷对管道的影响要明显大于沿Y方向(纵向)加载地震载荷对管道的影响;裂纹的扩展与载荷的方向有极大的关系,在施加的力与裂纹方向相垂直时,裂纹的扩展要比平行时大得多;沙土作为填土比黄土要好一点。
[Abstract]:Pipeline laying is a complex and grand project that needs to face many problems, including geological hazards. China is also a country prone to seismic and geological disasters, pipeline in the construction and operation of the process, inevitably through those areas where earthquakes are more frequent, in order to effectively prevent these problems, we need to strengthen scientific research. Of course, there is no doubt about the destruction of pipelines caused by large earthquakes, but the effects of microearthquakes or weak earthquakes on pipelines are often ignored, resulting in incalculable losses. Therefore, it is of great engineering significance to study the variation of steel pipeline under the action of micro-earthquake or weak earthquake. In this paper, the knowledge of many disciplines is involved, especially the knowledge of geology, engineering mechanics and fracture mechanics. In addition, elastoplastic mechanics and finite element method are mainly used in the process of analysis. First, the pipeline model to be studied is established, and then the computer simulation is carried out. The main work is as follows: firstly, this paper discusses the background and significance of pipeline research at home and abroad, seismic research and other aspects at home and abroad, puts forward the main contents of this paper, and the earthquake disaster in Xinjiang. The geological climate, pipeline transportation, finite element method ANSYS and seismic research methods were analyzed to obtain the data needed for the study. Finally, the stress intensity factors of crack growth were simulated. Secondly, the finite element model is established through the obtained data, and different seismic loads are applied to the pipeline in low temperature environment, and the two forms of oil and gas pipeline are simulated and analyzed by computer respectively. The pipeline with initial crack and the pipeline without defect are simulated and analyzed, and the pipe-soil interaction model of buried pipeline is analyzed. Finally, the results are analyzed: the influence of seismic loading along X direction (transverse) on pipeline is obviously greater than that on pipeline by loading seismic load along Y direction (longitudinal direction), and the crack propagation is closely related to the direction of load. When the applied force is perpendicular to the direction of the crack, the crack propagation is much larger than when the crack is parallel, and the sand is a little better than the loess as a filling.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973

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