油气井气举反循环携岩效果理论和设备配套方案研究
发布时间：2018-08-03 15:39
【摘要】：随着国民经济的发展,我国经济总量不断膨胀,对石油天然气的需求越来越大。目前,我国石油天然气勘探开发正朝深部油气资源和非常规油气资源两个方向发展。在这两种油气资源勘探开发中,如何提高钻速、降低成本是钻井所面临的主要问题。气举反循环钻井技术由于其自身优势,已广泛应用于水井、地热井钻井工程中,而在油气井钻井工程中尚未见其得到应用。对气举反循环钻井工艺进行研究并改进,将其应用于石油天然气钻井,可提高钻进速度,降低钻井成本,有效解决漏失地层钻进问题。本文通过分析石油天然气钻井与水井、地热井钻井区别,提出了油气井钻井工程对气举反循环钻井技术的要求,根据要求进行了油气井气举反循环钻井钻具设备的选型研究。为提供钻具设备选型的科学依据,提高所选钻具设备的适用性、合理性,进行了气举反循环钻井理论研究,得到了钻杆内径、供气压力、供气量、钻井液密度、岩屑粒径等各因素与携屑能力的关系式。基于气举反循环钻井理论研究所得,提出了容许最大钻进速度这一指标,并依此进行了钻具设备选型方法研究。根据目前石油天然气钻井工程中常见的几种井径,列出了双壁钻杆、双壁主动钻杆、普通钻杆、空压机等钻具设备选型计算的示例,并给出了这几种井径下钻具设备配套的推荐方案。为使气举反循环钻井技术能直接在油气井钻井现场应用,根据油气井钻井工程对气举反循环钻井工艺的要求,完成了循环系统的设计,在对正循环钻井设备及管路连接改动较小的情况下,能实现钻井施工过程中正反循环切换。同时,在现有油气井钻井工程井控装置的基础上,配套了钻具内防喷机构,完善了油气井气举反循环钻井井控系统,以保障钻井过程中的安全。为进一步检验气举反循环钻井技术在油气井钻井工程中的适用性,在四川长宁H9-6井二开和三开井段进行了气举反循环钻井试验并获得成功。试验表明在油气井钻井工程中应用气举反循环钻井技术是可行的,验证了设备的选型与配套是合理的,也为下一步在油气井钻井工程中推广气举反循环钻井技术积累了经验。
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy, China's total economic volume is expanding, and the demand for oil and natural gas is increasing. At present, the exploration and development of petroleum and natural gas in China are developing in the direction of deep oil and gas resources and unconventional oil and gas resources. In the exploration and development of these two kinds of oil and gas resources, how to increase the drilling speed and reduce the cost are the main problems faced by drilling. Gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology has been widely used in drilling wells and geothermal wells because of its own advantages, but it has not yet been applied in oil and gas wells drilling engineering. The gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology is studied and improved. Applying it to oil and gas drilling can improve drilling speed, reduce drilling cost and effectively solve the drilling problem of lost formation. Based on the analysis of the difference between oil and gas drilling, well drilling and geothermal well drilling, this paper puts forward the requirements of gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology for oil and gas well drilling engineering, and studies the selection of drilling tool equipment for gas lift reverse circulation drilling in oil and gas wells according to the requirements. In order to provide the scientific basis for the selection of drilling tool equipment and to improve the applicability and rationality of the selected drilling tool equipment, the theoretical study of gas lift reverse circulation drilling is carried out, and the drilling pipe inner diameter, gas supply pressure, gas supply volume, drilling fluid density are obtained. Relationship between cuttings diameter and cuttings carrying capacity. Based on the research of gas lift reverse circulation drilling theory, the index of maximum allowable drilling speed is proposed, and the selection method of drilling tool equipment is studied accordingly. According to several common well diameters in petroleum and natural gas drilling engineering at present, the examples of selection and calculation of drilling tool equipment such as double-wall drill pipe, double-wall active drill pipe, ordinary drill pipe, air compressor and so on are listed. The recommended scheme of drilling tool equipment under hole diameter is given. In order to make gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology directly applied in oil and gas well drilling field, according to the requirements of oil and gas well drilling engineering for gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology, the design of circulation system has been completed. In the case of minor changes in the connection of the positive circulation drilling equipment and the pipeline, the forward and reverse circulation switching can be realized during the drilling process. At the same time, on the basis of the existing well control device of oil and gas well drilling engineering, the internal blowout prevention mechanism of drilling tool is matched, and the well control system of gas lift reverse circulation drilling in oil and gas well is perfected to ensure the safety of drilling process. In order to further test the applicability of gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology in oil and gas well drilling engineering, gas lift reverse circulation drilling experiments were carried out in the second and third opening sections of Changning H9-6 well, Sichuan Province. The test results show that it is feasible to apply gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology in oil and gas well drilling engineering, which verifies that the selection and matching of equipment is reasonable, and it also accumulates experience for popularizing gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology in oil and gas well drilling engineering in the next step.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE242
本文编号：2162198
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy, China's total economic volume is expanding, and the demand for oil and natural gas is increasing. At present, the exploration and development of petroleum and natural gas in China are developing in the direction of deep oil and gas resources and unconventional oil and gas resources. In the exploration and development of these two kinds of oil and gas resources, how to increase the drilling speed and reduce the cost are the main problems faced by drilling. Gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology has been widely used in drilling wells and geothermal wells because of its own advantages, but it has not yet been applied in oil and gas wells drilling engineering. The gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology is studied and improved. Applying it to oil and gas drilling can improve drilling speed, reduce drilling cost and effectively solve the drilling problem of lost formation. Based on the analysis of the difference between oil and gas drilling, well drilling and geothermal well drilling, this paper puts forward the requirements of gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology for oil and gas well drilling engineering, and studies the selection of drilling tool equipment for gas lift reverse circulation drilling in oil and gas wells according to the requirements. In order to provide the scientific basis for the selection of drilling tool equipment and to improve the applicability and rationality of the selected drilling tool equipment, the theoretical study of gas lift reverse circulation drilling is carried out, and the drilling pipe inner diameter, gas supply pressure, gas supply volume, drilling fluid density are obtained. Relationship between cuttings diameter and cuttings carrying capacity. Based on the research of gas lift reverse circulation drilling theory, the index of maximum allowable drilling speed is proposed, and the selection method of drilling tool equipment is studied accordingly. According to several common well diameters in petroleum and natural gas drilling engineering at present, the examples of selection and calculation of drilling tool equipment such as double-wall drill pipe, double-wall active drill pipe, ordinary drill pipe, air compressor and so on are listed. The recommended scheme of drilling tool equipment under hole diameter is given. In order to make gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology directly applied in oil and gas well drilling field, according to the requirements of oil and gas well drilling engineering for gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology, the design of circulation system has been completed. In the case of minor changes in the connection of the positive circulation drilling equipment and the pipeline, the forward and reverse circulation switching can be realized during the drilling process. At the same time, on the basis of the existing well control device of oil and gas well drilling engineering, the internal blowout prevention mechanism of drilling tool is matched, and the well control system of gas lift reverse circulation drilling in oil and gas well is perfected to ensure the safety of drilling process. In order to further test the applicability of gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology in oil and gas well drilling engineering, gas lift reverse circulation drilling experiments were carried out in the second and third opening sections of Changning H9-6 well, Sichuan Province. The test results show that it is feasible to apply gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology in oil and gas well drilling engineering, which verifies that the selection and matching of equipment is reasonable, and it also accumulates experience for popularizing gas lift reverse circulation drilling technology in oil and gas well drilling engineering in the next step.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE242
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