内联式脱液器的设计及其数值模拟研究
发布时间：2018-08-03 18:44
【摘要】：近几十年来,随着陆上油气资源的日益枯竭,海洋油气正成为油气开采领域的热点,但是随之而来的技术难题限制了其进一步发展,其中气-液分离问题尤为突出。紧凑型内联式脱液器因其能够提高气-液分离效率,解决分离装置中液体过载和海上平台空间受限等问题,以及适应于深水或超深水油气开发等优点,正倍受关注并飞速发展。本文通过数值模拟及理论分析提出了内联式脱液器的结构参数并对其进行了相关的数值研究,同时用实验方法验证及分析了该脱液器分离性能及稳定性,为其走上工业化奠定基础。本文主要研究内容如下:紧密跟踪国外内联式脱液器发展动态,在理解和分析现有装置基础上,首先以旋流分离基本原理为依托,初步确定了内联式脱液器导流叶片、分离腔和排气管等关键结构的尺寸,然后建立内联式脱液器内部流场的几何模型,借助CFD软件FLUENT对内联式脱液器进行流场分布及分离特性模拟,随后改变导叶个数及导叶出口角,进一步研究不同结构下内联式脱液器的分离特性,得到脱液器结构参数及液滴粒径、入口速度和含液量变化对分离效率及压降损失的影响规律。最后结合理论设计和数值模拟的情况,设计并加工了一套室内实验测试系统,分别在不同工况下对内联式脱液器样机进行了分离性能实验研究,同时与数值模拟结果进行比照分析。本文得出以下主要结论:通过数值模拟发现,内联式脱液器的分离效率随入口速度、液滴粒径及导叶出口角的增大而增大;压降损失随液滴粒径的增大而减小,而随入口速度及导叶出口角的增大而增大,其中速度与压降的变化呈抛物线状,非常吻合局部压降计算公式,此外可用能量损耗系数K比较直观且全面的表征内联式脱液器单元运行过程中的能量损耗;导叶个数和导叶出口角度都存在一个最优值,在8个导叶和45o导叶出口角时,脱液器整体分离效率最好;在含液量比较低时,脱液器分离效率比较理想,当含液量增大到一定值时,分离效率会出现下降的趋势。实验结果表明,对于一定结构的脱液器而言,当液体流量(含液量)保持不变时,脱液器的分离效率及压降损失随着气体流量(入口速度)的增大而增大;在气体流量保持不变时,随着液体流量的不断增高,其分离效率呈现出先增加后降小的趋势。实验结果和模拟分析得到的变化趋势是比较吻合的,说明本文所采取的数值模拟方法是可信赖的。本文所设计的内联式脱液器样机在实验运行中呈现了良好的分离性能和稳定性,同时分离性能还有很大的提升空间,它的研制对空间有限的海上平台来说具有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, with the increasing depletion of onshore oil and gas resources, offshore oil and gas is becoming a hot spot in the field of oil and gas production, but the following technical difficulties limit its further development, especially the gas-liquid separation problem. Compact inline demultiplexer has attracted much attention and developed rapidly because it can improve the efficiency of gas-liquid separation, solve the problems of liquid overload in the separation device, limit the space of offshore platform, and adapt to oil and gas development in deep or ultra deep water. In this paper, the structural parameters of the inline demultiplexer are presented by numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. At the same time, the separation performance and stability of the demultiplexer are verified and analyzed by the experimental method. Lay the foundation for its industrialization. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the development of inline demultiplexer abroad is closely followed. On the basis of understanding and analyzing the existing devices, based on the basic principle of swirl separation, the flow guide vane of inline demultiplexer is preliminarily determined. The size of the key structure, such as the separation chamber and the exhaust pipe, and the geometric model of the internal flow field of the inline demultiplexer are established. The flow field distribution and the separation characteristics of the internal demultiplexer are simulated with the help of CFD software FLUENT. Then the number of guide vane and the outlet angle of guide vane are changed to further study the separation characteristics of inline demultiplexer under different structures. The structure parameters and droplet diameter of the demultiplexer are obtained. The effect of inlet velocity and liquid content on separation efficiency and pressure drop loss. Finally, a set of indoor experimental test system is designed and manufactured in combination with the theoretical design and numerical simulation. The separation performance of the prototype of the internal demultiplexer is studied in different working conditions. At the same time, the results of numerical simulation are compared and analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: by numerical simulation, it is found that the separation efficiency increases with the increase of inlet velocity, droplet diameter and outlet angle of guide vane, and the pressure drop loss decreases with the increase of droplet diameter. However, with the increase of inlet velocity and outlet angle of guide vane, the variation of velocity and pressure drop is parabolic, which is in good agreement with the formula of local pressure drop. In addition, the energy loss coefficient K can be used to characterize the energy loss of inline demultiplexer units during operation, and there is an optimum value for the number of guide vane and the outlet angle of guide vane, when the outlet angles of 8 guide vane and 45o guide vane are obtained, When the liquid content is low, the separation efficiency is ideal. When the liquid content increases to a certain value, the separation efficiency will decrease. The experimental results show that the separation efficiency and pressure drop loss of the demultiplexer increase with the increase of the gas flow rate (inlet velocity) when the liquid flow rate (liquid content) remains constant for the demultiplexer with a certain structure. When the gas flow rate remains constant, the separation efficiency increases first and then decreases with the increase of liquid flow rate. The experimental results are in good agreement with the trend obtained by simulation analysis, which shows that the numerical simulation method adopted in this paper is reliable. The prototype of the inline demultiplexer designed in this paper presents good separation performance and stability in the experimental operation, and the separation performance also has great room for improvement. The development of the prototype has important practical significance for the offshore platform with limited space.
【学位授予单位】：北京石油化工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE95
本文编号：2162667
[Abstract]:In recent decades, with the increasing depletion of onshore oil and gas resources, offshore oil and gas is becoming a hot spot in the field of oil and gas production, but the following technical difficulties limit its further development, especially the gas-liquid separation problem. Compact inline demultiplexer has attracted much attention and developed rapidly because it can improve the efficiency of gas-liquid separation, solve the problems of liquid overload in the separation device, limit the space of offshore platform, and adapt to oil and gas development in deep or ultra deep water. In this paper, the structural parameters of the inline demultiplexer are presented by numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. At the same time, the separation performance and stability of the demultiplexer are verified and analyzed by the experimental method. Lay the foundation for its industrialization. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the development of inline demultiplexer abroad is closely followed. On the basis of understanding and analyzing the existing devices, based on the basic principle of swirl separation, the flow guide vane of inline demultiplexer is preliminarily determined. The size of the key structure, such as the separation chamber and the exhaust pipe, and the geometric model of the internal flow field of the inline demultiplexer are established. The flow field distribution and the separation characteristics of the internal demultiplexer are simulated with the help of CFD software FLUENT. Then the number of guide vane and the outlet angle of guide vane are changed to further study the separation characteristics of inline demultiplexer under different structures. The structure parameters and droplet diameter of the demultiplexer are obtained. The effect of inlet velocity and liquid content on separation efficiency and pressure drop loss. Finally, a set of indoor experimental test system is designed and manufactured in combination with the theoretical design and numerical simulation. The separation performance of the prototype of the internal demultiplexer is studied in different working conditions. At the same time, the results of numerical simulation are compared and analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: by numerical simulation, it is found that the separation efficiency increases with the increase of inlet velocity, droplet diameter and outlet angle of guide vane, and the pressure drop loss decreases with the increase of droplet diameter. However, with the increase of inlet velocity and outlet angle of guide vane, the variation of velocity and pressure drop is parabolic, which is in good agreement with the formula of local pressure drop. In addition, the energy loss coefficient K can be used to characterize the energy loss of inline demultiplexer units during operation, and there is an optimum value for the number of guide vane and the outlet angle of guide vane, when the outlet angles of 8 guide vane and 45o guide vane are obtained, When the liquid content is low, the separation efficiency is ideal. When the liquid content increases to a certain value, the separation efficiency will decrease. The experimental results show that the separation efficiency and pressure drop loss of the demultiplexer increase with the increase of the gas flow rate (inlet velocity) when the liquid flow rate (liquid content) remains constant for the demultiplexer with a certain structure. When the gas flow rate remains constant, the separation efficiency increases first and then decreases with the increase of liquid flow rate. The experimental results are in good agreement with the trend obtained by simulation analysis, which shows that the numerical simulation method adopted in this paper is reliable. The prototype of the inline demultiplexer designed in this paper presents good separation performance and stability in the experimental operation, and the separation performance also has great room for improvement. The development of the prototype has important practical significance for the offshore platform with limited space.
【学位授予单位】：北京石油化工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE95
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