减摩抗磨润滑油添加剂的制备与摩擦学性能研究

发布时间：2018-08-06 21:40

【摘要】：在摩擦润滑领域,润滑油添加剂有着举足轻重的作用,其主要用来提高基础油的综合性能,比如降低摩擦磨损,修补磨损表面等。最常使用的添加剂是减摩抗磨润滑油添加剂。随着添加剂的加入,润滑油的质量和减摩抗磨能力都有了很大的提升。但是传统润滑油添加剂含有较多硫、磷、氯等对环境有害的元素,难以达到环保要求。因此越来越多的国内外学者开始寻求新型、环境友好型润滑油添加剂,其中对含氮硼酸酯和离子液体以及微纳米颗粒作为润滑油添加剂的研究更是成为焦点。本文中我们主要运用分子设计的方法制备出四种有机含氮杂环硼酸酯以及一种四氟硼酸盐离子液体,而且制备了经过聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)保护的铜微米颗粒并探讨硼酸酯和离子液体与铜微米颗粒的摩擦学性能。此外,我们还制备了填充铜微米颗粒以及SiO2纳米颗粒的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)颗粒,并研究了其在工业白油中的减摩抗磨能力。最后,本文主要通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对磨损表面进行分析,探究了其作为润滑油添加剂的润滑机理。本文的主要研究内容和结果如下:(1)有机含氮杂环硼酸酯和铜微米颗粒的制备与摩擦学性能的研究通过分析设计的方法合成了四种油溶性较好的有机含氮杂环硼酸酯BNH以及Cu微米颗粒并在MR-S10B型四球摩擦磨损试验机上研究其作为工业白油添加剂的摩擦学性能,对钢球的磨损表面进行扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及XPS分析。结果表明,这四种含氮杂环硼酸酯以及Cu微米颗粒在一定程度上具有一定的减摩抗磨效果,且两者之间具有协同作用。其润滑机理主要是在润滑表面形成含有B2O3、Fe203、Fe304、有机氮化合物等的摩擦化学反应膜。(2)功能化离子液体与铜微米颗粒的制备与摩擦学性能的研究采用两步法制备出具有减摩抗磨效果的功能化四氟硼酸盐离子液体[EAMIM]BF4,利用四球摩擦磨损试验机研究单独加入该离子液体和Cu微米颗粒以及同时添加这两种添加剂在葵花籽油中的摩擦学性能;利用XPS分析磨损表面化学元素状态并分析其润滑作用机理。研究结果表明该离子液体具有良好的减摩抗磨效果并且与Cu微米颗粒具有一定的协同作用,XPS分析其润滑机理是离子液体能与金属发生复杂的摩擦化学反应而生成一层由Cu,CuO,Fe203,Fe304,Fe2B和FeF3等组成的润滑膜,此外,Cu微米颗粒的自修复能力也有一定的润滑作用。(3)填充聚四氟乙烯的制备与摩擦学性能的研究通过预还原氧化法和沉淀法分别制备出经过PVP保护的Cu微米颗粒和Si02纳米颗粒,并将此作为填充剂填充到PTFE中,并用四球摩擦机探究填充前后PTFE的摩擦学性能。研究发现经过填充之后的PTFE要比未经填充的PTFE表现出更好的减摩抗磨效果,对磨损表面的XPS分析结果表明其润滑机理除了由于PTFE的自润滑效果生成的转移膜之外,Cu微米颗粒的自修复能力以及SiO2能与金属表面发生化学反应生成硅的氧化物也起到一定的其润滑作用。
[Abstract]:In the field of friction lubrication, the lubricating oil additive plays an important role, which is mainly used to improve the comprehensive performance of the base oil, such as reducing friction and wear and repairing the wear surface. The most commonly used additive is the antifriction and anti-wear lubricating oil additive. With the addition of additives, the quality of the lubricating oil and the antifriction and abrasion resistance are very large. But the traditional lubricating oil additives contain more sulfur, phosphorus, chlorine and other harmful environmental elements, which are difficult to meet the environmental requirements. Therefore, more and more domestic and foreign scholars have begun to seek new and environmentally friendly lubricating oil additives, including nitrogen containing borate and ionic liquids and micro nanoparticles as lubricating oil additives. In this paper, four kinds of organic nitrogen containing heterocyclic borates and a tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid were prepared by molecular design, and copper micron particles protected by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were prepared and the tribological properties of borate and ionic liquid and copper microparticles were investigated. We also prepared polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles filled with copper micron particles and SiO2 nanoparticles, and studied its antifriction and abrasion resistance in industrial white oil. Finally, the wear surface was analyzed by X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the lubrication mechanism of the lubricating oil additive was investigated. The contents and results are as follows: (1) study on the preparation and Tribological Properties of organic nitrogen heterocyclic borate and copper micron particles, four kinds of organic nitrogen heterocyclic borate BNH and Cu micron particles are synthesized by analytical design method and studied on the MR-S10B type four ball friction and wear testing machine as industrial white oil. The tribological properties of the agent were carried out by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and XPS analysis on the worn surface of the steel ball. The results showed that the four nitrogen heterocyclic borates and Cu microns had certain antifriction and anti-wear effects to a certain extent, and they had synergism between them. The lubrication mechanism was mainly composed of B2O3 and Fe2 on the lubricating surface. 03, Fe304, organic nitrogen compounds and other frictional chemical reaction films. (2) study on the preparation and Tribological Properties of functional ionic liquids and copper micron particles. A functional tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid [EAMIM]BF4 with antifriction and antiwear effects was prepared by the two step method. The ionic liquid was added to the ionic liquid by the four ball friction and wear tester. The tribological properties of Cu micron particles and the addition of these two additives in sunflower seed oil were added. XPS was used to analyze the state of the chemical elements on the worn surface and to analyze the mechanism of its lubrication. The results showed that the ionic liquid had good antifriction effect and had a certain synergistic effect with Cu micron particles, and XPS was analyzed for its moistening. The slippery mechanism is that the ionic liquid can make a complex friction chemical reaction with the metal and produce a layer of lubricating film composed of Cu, CuO, Fe203, Fe304, Fe2B and FeF3. In addition, the self repairing ability of Cu micron particles is also lubricated. (3) study on the preparation and Tribological Properties of PTFE filled with pre reduction oxidation and precipitation Cu micron particles and Si02 nanoparticles protected by PVP were prepared and filled into PTFE as filling agent, and the tribological properties of PTFE before and after filling were investigated with four ball friction machine. The study found that the PTFE after filling was better than the unfilled PTFE to reduce friction and wear resistance, and the XPS analysis of the worn surface was analyzed. The results show that the self repairing ability of the Cu micron particles and the chemical reaction of SiO2 with the metal surface to produce the oxides of silicon also play a certain role in lubrication in addition to the transfer film generated by the self lubrication effect of PTFE.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE624.82

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