基于岩石物理模型分析的横波预测方法研究
发布时间：2018-08-07 10:06
【摘要】：横波速度是叠前反演的输入数据,横波数据的准确性直接关系到储层预测及流体识别的精度。同样,对于叠前波动方程数值模拟而言,横波速度也是建模的必要参数。然而,对于大多数工区,并非所有钻井都具备横波资料,这就为后续正、反演工作带来很大困难。介于此,本文以预测高精度的横波速度为目标,基于横波预测的基本原理,对常规方法进行总结与创新,从经验公式法及岩石物理分析法两方面进行研究。本文首先开展经验公式法的横波预测研究,针对经验公式法是建立在岩石饱水的基础上进行横波估算,引入精确Gassmann方程及基于纵波模量的近似流体替换分别将研究区有横波资料的井及缺乏横波资料的井进行流体替换,提高预测精度。然后,本文从“岩石基质等效参数模型”、“孔隙流体等效参数模型”、“裂隙介质等效参数模型”、“孔隙介质等效参数模型”四个方面对常规岩石物理模型进行分析,对比同类模型计算结果的差异,并进行砂泥岩储层与碳酸盐储层速度正演,总结了影响两种岩性横波预测的难点问题并制作适用于两种岩性的速度-孔隙度量板。在正演模拟的基础上,基于砂泥岩与碳酸盐储层的差异,分别对两种岩性地层进行横波速度预测建模研究。最后,采用SLG气田S5区块及土库曼斯坦AMH地区右岸测井资料对两种岩性的横波速度预测建模流程进行验证,计算结果表明,采用本文方法预测的横波速度与实测横波速度吻合度较好,并且能将误差控制在较小范围以内。论文取得的关键成果如下:(1)提出一种改进的自适应基质弹性模量反演方法,克服实际计算中岩石等效弹性模量难以给定的问题;(2)针对低孔隙度砂泥岩地层特点,结合改进的自适应基质模量反演方法,并将变孔隙扁率引入简化Xu-White模型中,提出一套结合多井统计及岩石物理建模的砂泥岩地层的横波预测建模流程;(3)对于碳酸盐地层,其孔隙结构较砂泥岩更加复杂多变,本文结合孔隙结构反演方法,反演出每个测井深度点的最优孔隙扁率,进而提出一套用于碳酸岩地层的横波预测建模流程。本文方法是对常规方法的扩展及补充,具备较强的实际运用前景,可在其他工区推广运用。
[Abstract]:Shear wave velocity is the input data of prestack inversion. The accuracy of shear wave data is directly related to the accuracy of reservoir prediction and fluid identification. Similarly, the shear wave velocity is also a necessary parameter for the numerical simulation of prestack wave equations. However, for most working areas, not all drilling wells have S-wave data, which makes it difficult to follow up and inversion. Based on the basic principle of S-wave prediction, this paper summarizes and innovates the conventional methods, and studies the empirical formula method and the rock physics analysis method from two aspects: empirical formula method and petrophysical analysis method. In this paper, the empirical formula method is first used to predict the shear wave, and the empirical formula method is based on the saturated rock to estimate the shear wave. The accurate Gassmann equation and the approximate fluid replacement based on P-wave modulus are introduced to replace the fluid in the wells with shear wave data and those wells without S-wave data respectively, so as to improve the prediction accuracy. Then, the conventional rock physical models are analyzed from four aspects: the equivalent parameter model of rock matrix, the equivalent parameter model of pore fluid, the equivalent parameter model of fractured medium and the equivalent parameter model of pore medium. By comparing the difference of calculation results of the similar models, the velocity forward modeling of sand mudstone reservoir and carbonate reservoir is carried out, and the difficult problems affecting the prediction of shear wave of lithology are summarized, and the velocity-pore metric plate suitable for the two lithology is made. On the basis of forward modeling and based on the difference between sand mudstone and carbonate reservoir, the prediction modeling of shear wave velocity for two kinds of lithologic strata is carried out. Finally, using the S5 block of SLG gas field and the right bank logging data of AMH area of Turkmenistan, the flow of predicting the shear wave velocity of two kinds of lithology is verified. The calculation results show that, The shear wave velocity predicted by this method is in good agreement with the measured shear wave velocity, and the error can be controlled in a small range. The key achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) an improved adaptive matrix elastic modulus inversion method is proposed to overcome the problem that the equivalent elastic modulus of rock is difficult to be given in the actual calculation; (2) according to the characteristics of low porosity sand and mudstone strata, Combining with the improved adaptive matrix modulus inversion method and introducing variable porosity into the simplified Xu-White model, a set of shear wave prediction modeling process for sand and mudstone formation is proposed, which combines multi-well statistics and petrophysical modeling. (3) for carbonate formation, The pore structure is more complex and changeable than that of sand and mudstone. In this paper, the optimal pore flat ratio of each logging depth point is derived by combining the pore structure inversion method, and a set of modeling flow of shear wave prediction for carbonatite formation is put forward. The method in this paper is an extension and supplement to the conventional method and has a strong prospect of practical application. It can be popularized and applied in other working areas.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13;P631.4
本文编号：2169689
[Abstract]:Shear wave velocity is the input data of prestack inversion. The accuracy of shear wave data is directly related to the accuracy of reservoir prediction and fluid identification. Similarly, the shear wave velocity is also a necessary parameter for the numerical simulation of prestack wave equations. However, for most working areas, not all drilling wells have S-wave data, which makes it difficult to follow up and inversion. Based on the basic principle of S-wave prediction, this paper summarizes and innovates the conventional methods, and studies the empirical formula method and the rock physics analysis method from two aspects: empirical formula method and petrophysical analysis method. In this paper, the empirical formula method is first used to predict the shear wave, and the empirical formula method is based on the saturated rock to estimate the shear wave. The accurate Gassmann equation and the approximate fluid replacement based on P-wave modulus are introduced to replace the fluid in the wells with shear wave data and those wells without S-wave data respectively, so as to improve the prediction accuracy. Then, the conventional rock physical models are analyzed from four aspects: the equivalent parameter model of rock matrix, the equivalent parameter model of pore fluid, the equivalent parameter model of fractured medium and the equivalent parameter model of pore medium. By comparing the difference of calculation results of the similar models, the velocity forward modeling of sand mudstone reservoir and carbonate reservoir is carried out, and the difficult problems affecting the prediction of shear wave of lithology are summarized, and the velocity-pore metric plate suitable for the two lithology is made. On the basis of forward modeling and based on the difference between sand mudstone and carbonate reservoir, the prediction modeling of shear wave velocity for two kinds of lithologic strata is carried out. Finally, using the S5 block of SLG gas field and the right bank logging data of AMH area of Turkmenistan, the flow of predicting the shear wave velocity of two kinds of lithology is verified. The calculation results show that, The shear wave velocity predicted by this method is in good agreement with the measured shear wave velocity, and the error can be controlled in a small range. The key achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) an improved adaptive matrix elastic modulus inversion method is proposed to overcome the problem that the equivalent elastic modulus of rock is difficult to be given in the actual calculation; (2) according to the characteristics of low porosity sand and mudstone strata, Combining with the improved adaptive matrix modulus inversion method and introducing variable porosity into the simplified Xu-White model, a set of shear wave prediction modeling process for sand and mudstone formation is proposed, which combines multi-well statistics and petrophysical modeling. (3) for carbonate formation, The pore structure is more complex and changeable than that of sand and mudstone. In this paper, the optimal pore flat ratio of each logging depth point is derived by combining the pore structure inversion method, and a set of modeling flow of shear wave prediction for carbonatite formation is put forward. The method in this paper is an extension and supplement to the conventional method and has a strong prospect of practical application. It can be popularized and applied in other working areas.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13;P631.4
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2 高有瑞;刘艳;时付更;;基质型灰岩储层岩石压缩系数的确定[J];中国海上油气;2011年04期
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