沉积盆地超压成因研究进展
发布时间：2018-08-09 13:09
【摘要】：近十多年来,超压成因研究在国际上取得了重要进展,主要表现在5个方面。(1)将超压按照成因分为5种类型:不均衡压实、流体膨胀、成岩作用、构造挤压、压力传递;其中流体膨胀超压的成因包括生烃作用、油裂解气、水热膨胀等,成岩作用则包括蒙脱石—伊利石转化作用等。(2)总结提出了6种超压成因判识方法,包括测井曲线组合分析法、鲍尔斯法(加载-卸载曲线法)、声波速度-密度交会图法、孔隙度对比法、压力计算反推法以及综合分析法。(3)随着实证超压成因研究方法的逐渐广泛应用,许多被普遍认为属于不均衡压实成因的超压已被完全或部分否定,生烃作用作为超压成因的重要性和普遍性正在得到愈来愈多证实,黏土矿物成岩作用特别是蒙脱石—伊利石转化作用对超压形成的重要性也已受到重视,构造挤压和压力传递成因的超压得到进一步确认,而且现已发现许多盆地或地区的超压可能为复合成因。(4)不同的岩性其超压成因往往有别:就泥质岩而言,烃源岩与非烃源岩的超压成因常常不同,通常烃源岩内发育的超压大多与生烃作用密切相关,有时成岩作用也具有重要贡献;非烃源岩内所发育的超压多与不均衡压实、成岩作用或压力传递等有关;砂岩等渗透性岩层的超压则多为压力传递成因。(5)对于烃源岩层段的超压成因分析而言,由于有机质含量对密度、声波等测井参数具有明显影响,因此在运用这些测井资料分析烃源岩层段的超压成因时,需要进行有机质含量校正,校正前后超压成因的分析结果往往不同。
[Abstract]:In recent ten years, the research on the cause of overpressure has made important progress in the world, mainly in five aspects. (1) the overpressure is divided into five types according to the origin: unbalanced compaction, fluid expansion, diagenesis, tectonic compression, pressure transfer; The causes of fluid expansion and overpressure include hydrocarbon generation, oil cracking gas, hydrothermal expansion, diagenesis including montmorillonite-Illite transformation and so on. (2) six methods for determining the origin of overpressure are summarized and put forward, including log curve combination analysis. Bowles method (load-unloading curve method), sonic velocity-density cross plot method, porosity contrast method, pressure calculation backstepping method and comprehensive analysis method. (3) with the increasing application of empirical overpressure research methods, Many overpressures, which are generally considered to be the cause of unbalanced compaction, have been completely or partially negated, and the importance and universality of hydrocarbon generation as a cause of overpressure are increasingly being confirmed. The importance of the diagenesis of clay minerals, especially the montmorillonite-Illite transformation, to the formation of overpressure has also been emphasized, and the genesis of tectonic compression and pressure transfer has been further confirmed. Moreover, it has been found that the overpressure in many basins or regions may be of composite origin. (4) the origin of overpressure in different lithology is often different: in the case of argillaceous rocks, the origin of overpressure in source rock is often different from that in non-source rock. Most of the overpressures developed in source rocks are closely related to hydrocarbon generation, and sometimes diagenesis also plays an important role, and the overpressure developed in non-source rocks is mostly related to uneven compaction, diagenesis or pressure transfer, etc. The overpressure of sandstone isosmotic strata is mostly the origin of pressure transfer. (5) for the origin analysis of overpressure in source rock formation, the content of organic matter has obvious influence on the density and sonic logging parameters. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the content of organic matter when using these logging data to analyze the origin of overpressure in the source rock formation, and the analysis results of the cause of overpressure are often different before and after correction.
【作者单位】： 西安石油大学陕西省油气成藏地质学重点实验室西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院;
【基金】：国家重大科技专项(2016ZX05044,2011ZX05007-004) 国家自然科学基金项目(No.41502132)资助
【分类号】：P618.13
[Abstract]:In recent ten years, the research on the cause of overpressure has made important progress in the world, mainly in five aspects. (1) the overpressure is divided into five types according to the origin: unbalanced compaction, fluid expansion, diagenesis, tectonic compression, pressure transfer; The causes of fluid expansion and overpressure include hydrocarbon generation, oil cracking gas, hydrothermal expansion, diagenesis including montmorillonite-Illite transformation and so on. (2) six methods for determining the origin of overpressure are summarized and put forward, including log curve combination analysis. Bowles method (load-unloading curve method), sonic velocity-density cross plot method, porosity contrast method, pressure calculation backstepping method and comprehensive analysis method. (3) with the increasing application of empirical overpressure research methods, Many overpressures, which are generally considered to be the cause of unbalanced compaction, have been completely or partially negated, and the importance and universality of hydrocarbon generation as a cause of overpressure are increasingly being confirmed. The importance of the diagenesis of clay minerals, especially the montmorillonite-Illite transformation, to the formation of overpressure has also been emphasized, and the genesis of tectonic compression and pressure transfer has been further confirmed. Moreover, it has been found that the overpressure in many basins or regions may be of composite origin. (4) the origin of overpressure in different lithology is often different: in the case of argillaceous rocks, the origin of overpressure in source rock is often different from that in non-source rock. Most of the overpressures developed in source rocks are closely related to hydrocarbon generation, and sometimes diagenesis also plays an important role, and the overpressure developed in non-source rocks is mostly related to uneven compaction, diagenesis or pressure transfer, etc. The overpressure of sandstone isosmotic strata is mostly the origin of pressure transfer. (5) for the origin analysis of overpressure in source rock formation, the content of organic matter has obvious influence on the density and sonic logging parameters. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the content of organic matter when using these logging data to analyze the origin of overpressure in the source rock formation, and the analysis results of the cause of overpressure are often different before and after correction.
【作者单位】： 西安石油大学陕西省油气成藏地质学重点实验室西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院;
【基金】：国家重大科技专项(2016ZX05044,2011ZX05007-004) 国家自然科学基金项目(No.41502132)资助
【分类号】：P618.13
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