螺杆换向式井下增压器设计研究

发布时间：2018-08-14 08:58

【摘要】：随着石油钻井技术的不断发展,钻井井深不断加大,常规旋转钻井速度慢、效率低成为了制约钻井技术发展的因素之一,而超高压水射流辅助钻井技术可显著提高钻井速度。目前国内已研制出各种不同原理的井下增压器,但现有增压器还存在不足,主要是结构比较复杂、不易加工、使用寿命短。因此,为了提高钻井速度,设计了一种新的螺杆换向式井下增压器。螺杆换向式井下增压器通过使用螺杆马达带动转动阀转动,通过转动阀开启关闭与弹簧压缩复位配合,使柱塞作直线往复运动,产生高压脉动射流。本文首先确定了增压器的整体方案,并建立了增压器的三维模型,详细设计了上阀盘和组合运动件等零件,对重要零件进行了校核;然后,对柱塞缸内关键零件进行了详细设计和校核,设计了柱塞高压密封结构和材料,计算了柱塞密封泄露量和单向阀的泄露量,根据设计压力和流量确定了超高压喷嘴的直径;最后,根据设计参数对增压器液压系统进行了建模仿真,仿真结果与计算结果相符。经过对增压器的详细设计和建模仿真,验证了方案的可行性。螺杆换向式增压器的设计完成,也必定会为今后提高钻井速度的研究起到非常重要的指导意义。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of petroleum drilling technology, the drilling depth is increasing, the conventional rotary drilling speed is slow and the low efficiency has become one of the factors restricting the development of drilling technology, while the ultra-high pressure water jet assisted drilling technology can significantly improve the drilling speed. At present, a variety of downhole turbochargers of different principles have been developed in our country, but the existing superchargers still have some shortcomings, such as complicated structure, difficult to process and short service life. Therefore, in order to improve drilling speed, a new screw commutative downhole supercharger is designed. The screw commutative downhole supercharger uses the screw motor to drive the rotation of the rotary valve, and through the opening and closing of the rotary valve to cooperate with the spring compression reset, the plunger moves in a straight line and produces a high pressure pulsating jet. In this paper, the whole scheme of the supercharger is first determined, and the three-dimensional model of the supercharger is established, and the parts such as the upper valve disc and the combined moving parts are designed in detail, and the important parts are checked. The key parts in the plunger cylinder are designed and checked in detail, the structure and material of the plunger high pressure seal are designed, the leakage quantity of the plunger seal and the leakage quantity of the one-way valve are calculated, and the diameter of the ultra-high pressure nozzle is determined according to the design pressure and flow rate. Finally, the hydraulic system of the supercharger is modeled and simulated according to the design parameters, and the simulation results are in agreement with the calculated results. The feasibility of the scheme is verified by the detailed design and modeling simulation of the supercharger. The design of screw commutator supercharger will certainly play a very important guiding role in the research of improving drilling speed in the future.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE927

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