一种新型自支撑压裂技术实验研究

发布时间：2018-08-14 15:59

【摘要】：水力压裂是油气藏增产改造的重要技术手段,已广泛应用于国内外各大油田生产中。通过对压裂液体系、支撑剂体系、压裂工艺等进行大量文献调研后发现,目前压裂技术的各种变革,主要围绕着"携砂"、"造缝"、"支撑剂铺置行为"等方面在进行。例如:在压裂液体系的研究中,都是期望以最低的黏度(最小摩阻)来获取一个相对较高的携砂量以及降低支撑剂沉降速率,但是在实际应用中不可能做到提高支撑剂携带量和降低沉降速率的同时大幅度降低压裂液黏度,因此基于"携砂"的压裂液体系研究很难逃离这个悖论。在支撑剂的"铺置行为"方面,主流理论还是基于"砂堤"形态的"支撑剂铺置行为",油气流通通道还是以支撑剂颗粒间孔隙为主,流动方式以渗流为主。综上所述,常规压裂技术都是通过压裂液压开储层、造缝,同时压裂液携带固体支撑剂进入,形成"砂堤"支撑压裂裂缝。本文创新地提出了一种新型自支撑压裂技术,该技术首先是摆脱了 "携砂"的概念,在压裂液泵注过程中完全不携带固体支撑剂,而是将压裂液与支撑剂结合为一体(压裂液到达目标储层后固化形成支撑材料)。其次,在泵注过程中,不再是只有单一液体注入,而是两种液体同时注入,通过两相液体间的流动,来控制支撑剂的"铺置行为",以期获得非连续、非均匀的支撑剂铺置形态。从而将有限渗流变为无限渗流能力。大大提高油气产量。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic fracturing is an important technical means for oil and gas reservoir production improvement and has been widely used in the production of major oil fields at home and abroad. Through a lot of literature investigation on fracturing fluid system, proppant system and fracturing technology, it is found that the reform of fracturing technology at present mainly revolves around the aspects of "carrying sand", "making fracture", "setting behavior of proppant" and so on. For example, in the study of fracturing fluid systems, the lowest viscosity (minimum friction) is expected to obtain a relatively high sand carrying capacity and to reduce the rate of proppant sedimentation. However, it is impossible to increase the amount of proppant carried and decrease the sedimentation rate in practical application. Therefore, it is difficult to escape this paradox in the study of fracturing fluid system based on "sand carrying". In the aspect of "laying behavior" of proppant, the mainstream theory is based on "sand embankment" form of "proppant placement behavior", the flow channel of oil and gas is dominated by pore between proppant particles, and the flow mode is mainly percolation. To sum up, the conventional fracturing technology is through fracturing hydraulic opening reservoir, fracturing fluid with solid proppant into the fracturing fluid, forming "sand dike" to support fracturing fracture. In this paper, a new type of self-supporting fracturing technology is put forward. The first step is to get rid of the concept of "carrying sand" and do not carry solid proppant in the process of fracturing fluid pump injection. Instead, the fracturing fluid is combined with the proppant (the fracturing fluid solidifies to form the support material after reaching the target reservoir). Secondly, in the process of pump injection, no longer only a single liquid is injected, but two liquids are injected at the same time. The "laying behavior" of the proppant is controlled by the flow of the two-phase liquid, in order to obtain the discontinuous and non-uniform proppant placement form. Thus, the finite seepage flow can be transformed into infinite seepage capacity. Oil and gas production has been greatly increased.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE357.12

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