连续油管椭圆度脉冲涡流位移传感测量技术

发布时间：2018-08-14 20:08

【摘要】：连续油管的用量随着近年来对页岩气的开采急剧增加,为了保证在使用过程中的安全,在线监测和检测显得尤为重要。连续油管常见的缺陷形式有表面点蚀、硫化物应力致裂、疲劳点蚀、机械压痕和椭圆度发生变化,其中椭圆度发生变化后容易引发泄漏,进而造成重大的安全事故。从椭圆度定义出发,对椭圆度的测量本质上转化为对直径的测量。而椭圆度的测量可通过测量连续油管与传感器之间距离间接测量求出。从脉冲涡流位移传感器的测量原理着手,建立线圈响应模型及并提出了消除振荡的方法。运用自制的传感器试验验证了典型的绝对式和差分式脉冲涡流信号;对比不同结构的脉冲涡流位移传感器信号,选择同心差分立式结构的传感器作为位移传感器;对比无铁芯、加入45钢铁芯、加入铁氧体铁芯三种传感器,加入铁氧体铁芯的聚磁传感器峰值变化最大。由自制脉冲涡流位移传感器的静态标定得出位移与峰值变化量呈非线性单调递减关系,通过多项式拟合、指数拟合、分段线性插值法三种方式对传感器的位移与电压值进行拟合,由SSE(方差)、S-quare(决定系数)、RMSE(标准差)三个指标分析得出最佳的拟合方式。根据测量方法设计了阵列脉冲涡流测距信号系统,即硬件设计和软件设计。硬件系统分为激励部分和接收部分。激励部分包括脉冲源的设计、电压放大电路的设计和功率放大电路的设计;接收部分包括放大电路的设计、滤波电路的设计、显示电路的设计。系统软件包括脉冲信号发生程序的设计、A/D转换及数据处理程序的设计、LCD显示程序的设计。搭建了测试平台对脉冲涡流测距系统进行了测试。
[Abstract]:The amount of continuous tubing has increased rapidly with the development of shale gas in recent years. In order to ensure the safety in the process of use, on-line monitoring and detection is particularly important. The common defects of continuous tubing are surface pitting, sulfide stress cracking, fatigue pitting, mechanical indentation and ellipticity change. From the definition of ellipticity, the measurement of ellipticity is essentially transformed into the measurement of diameter. The ellipticity measurement can be obtained by measuring the distance between the continuous tubing and the sensor. Based on the measurement principle of pulsed eddy current displacement sensor, the coil response model is established and a method to eliminate oscillation is proposed. The typical absolute and differential pulse eddy current signals are verified by the self-made sensor test, the signals of different structure pulse eddy current displacement sensors are compared, the concentric differential vertical structure sensors are selected as displacement sensors, the core is compared, Adding 45 iron and steel core, adding ferrite core three kinds of sensors, adding ferrite core polymagnetic sensor peak value change is the biggest. According to the static calibration of the self-made pulsed eddy current displacement sensor, the nonlinear monotone decreasing relation between the displacement and the peak value change is obtained, which is fitted by polynomial fitting and exponential fitting. The displacement and voltage values of the sensor are fitted by three methods of piecewise linear interpolation. The best fitting method is obtained by SSE (variance) S-quare (determining coefficient) and RMSE (standard deviation). According to the measurement method, the array pulse eddy current ranging signal system is designed, that is, hardware design and software design. The hardware system is divided into excitation part and receiving part. The excitation part includes the design of pulse source, the design of voltage amplifier circuit and the design of power amplifier circuit; the receiving part includes the design of amplifier circuit, the design of filter circuit and the design of display circuit. The system software includes the design of the pulse signal generating program and the design of the data processing program and the design of the LCD display program. A test platform is built to test the pulse eddy current ranging system.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE931.2

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