猫跳河穿越管道突发性溢油事故数值模拟

发布时间：2018-09-03 19:00

【摘要】：论文针对河流穿越原油管道发生泄漏扩散时涉及的河底土壤中、水体中、水面扩散过程,将理论研究与FLUENT软件数值模拟相结合,建立了河流穿越原油管道各个阶段溢油扩散通用模型。分析了现场风速、水流速度、油品泄漏初始速度、泄漏孔径大小等主要因素对扩散过程发展结果的影响规律。根据猫跳河穿越工程实际情况,建立了不同孔径泄漏的适情性扩散模型,并总结出扩散范围函数。编制猫跳河穿越原油管道溢油扩散范围计算简易软件,为应急维抢修决策的制定提供科学依据和指导。论文以河流穿越原油管道所处水域环境为研究对象,在文献调研和分析的基础上,开展了以下几方面的工作： (1)总结了流体力学理论、多孔介质等基础理论,分析了各种理论模型和仿真软件的优缺点与适用性,结合河流穿越原油管道的特点,确定选用流体力学软件FLUENT进行河流穿越管道溢油扩散数值模拟。 (2)在现有河流穿越原油管道泄漏研究的基础上,分别针对裸管泄漏和河底管道泄漏两种情况,建立了不同泄漏孔径的二维、三维数学模型和物理模型；考虑土壤多孔介质问题和风场影响,对各阶段扩散规律进行分析。 (3)分析不同泄漏初始速度、不同水流速度、不同泄漏孔直径、不同风速、不同土壤颗粒有效直径条件下油品扩散不同阶段的体积变化情况,分析各因素对原油泄漏扩散范围的变化规律。 (4)建立猫跳河穿越原油管道工程泄漏扩散模型,进行仿真计算,总结出油品扩散最大水平、竖直位移与泄漏时间的函数关系。 (5)预测静风和风场情况下,7种不同孔径范围的原油水下、水面扩散区域,编写猫跳河穿越管道油品泄漏扩散范围计算简易软件。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we combine the theoretical research with the numerical simulation of FLUENT software for the diffusion process of river bottom soil, water body and water surface during the leakage and diffusion of the river through the crude oil pipeline. A general model of oil spill diffusion in each stage of river crossing crude oil pipeline is established. The main factors such as field wind speed, flow velocity, initial oil leakage velocity, leakage aperture and so on are analyzed. According to the actual situation of cat jump river crossing project, the suitable diffusion model of different aperture leakage is established, and the diffusion range function is summarized. A simple software for calculating the diffusion range of oil spill through crude oil pipeline is developed, which provides scientific basis and guidance for emergency maintenance decision making. On the basis of literature investigation and analysis, the following works are carried out in this paper: (1) the basic theories of fluid mechanics, porous media and so on are summarized. The advantages and disadvantages and applicability of various theoretical models and simulation software are analyzed. The fluid dynamics software FLUENT is chosen to simulate the oil spill diffusion in river crossing pipeline. (2) based on the existing research on the leakage of river through crude oil pipeline, the bare pipe leakage and the river bottom pipeline leakage are respectively aimed at two kinds of cases, one is the bare pipe leakage, the other is the river bottom pipeline leakage. Two and three dimensional mathematical models and physical models of different leakage pore sizes are established, and the diffusion laws of different stages are analyzed considering the problem of soil porous media and wind field. (3) different initial leakage velocities and different flow velocities are analyzed. Under the conditions of different leakage hole diameter, different wind speed and different effective diameter of soil particles, the volume changes of different stages of oil diffusion, The variation law of various factors on the range of oil leakage and diffusion is analyzed. (4) the model of leakage and diffusion of Maoxiaohe River crossing crude oil pipeline is established, and the simulation calculation is carried out, and the maximum level of oil product diffusion is summed up. The relationship between vertical displacement and leakage time. (5) predicting seven kinds of oil diffusion areas with different pore sizes under static wind and wind field, and compiling a simple software for calculating leakage diffusion range of oil products through pipeline by cat jump river.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE88

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