渗流中的光纤实验技术研究

发布时间：2018-09-06 14:10

【摘要】：随着光纤传感技术的发展，光纤传感器广泛应用于压力传感领域，因此在渗流力学中的实验探索很有意义。光纤传感器与以往各类型传感器相比较，具有灵敏度高、体积小、结构简单、电绝缘性好、抗电磁干扰、耐腐蚀、防爆等优点。自从光纤传感器问世以来，在渗流力学中的研究就得到了全世界科学界和科研机构的重视。本文利用PROFIBUS现场总线技术搭建了一套128路的数据采集系统，并利用该系统设计完成了两个渗流力学实验，充分利用了该系统能够实时、准确的实现多点同时测量并且具有较高分辨率和测量精度的特点。同时本文演示了一种新型的基于外腔式光纤法珀干涉仪的光纤传感器来测量煤层气井液面。通过模拟煤层气井液面的测量实验，结果证实方案有效，能够准确测出液面位置,相对误差为1.48%，相比较传统电学测量方法，该方案更加安全有效。本文主要研究内容如下：第一章综述了光纤EFPI传感器的基本传感原理和应用，简单介绍了本课题的研究背景以及国内外发展现状，最后概括了本课题的研究内容。第二章提出了PROFIBUS数据采集系统的整体方案，，并分别从采集系统的体系结构和系统设计部分进行详细阐述，最后介绍了该采集系统的技术参数和功能。第三章对基于PROFIBUS数据采集系统的渗流力学实验进行了详细的阐述，包括毛细管阻力测试实验和岩心渗透率测试实验。第四章利用基于外腔式F-P干涉仪的渗流光纤实验系统对渗流力学中煤层气井液面位置测量实验进行设计研究，包括原理分析，传感器设计以及实验验证。第五章总结了本课题的主要研究工作，并对本课题的后续研究方向提出了展望。
[Abstract]:With the development of optical fiber sensing technology, optical fiber sensors are widely used in the field of pressure sensing, so the experimental exploration in percolation mechanics is very meaningful. Compared with previous sensors, optical fiber sensors have the advantages of high sensitivity, small volume, simple structure, good electrical insulation, anti-electromagnetic interference, corrosion resistance, explosion-proof and so on. Since the advent of the sensor, the research on seepage mechanics has been paid much attention by the scientific circles and research institutes all over the world.
In this paper, a 128-channel data acquisition system based on PROFIBUS fieldbus technology is constructed, and two seepage mechanics experiments are designed and completed with this system. The system makes full use of the characteristics of real-time, accurate multi-point simultaneous measurement with high resolution and measurement accuracy. At the same time, a new type of data acquisition system is demonstrated. An optical fiber sensor based on external cavity Fabry-Perot interferometer is used to measure the liquid level of coalbed methane wells. The experimental results of simulating the liquid level of coalbed methane wells show that the scheme is effective and the relative error is 1.48%. Compared with the traditional electrical measurement method, the scheme is more safe and effective.
The main contents of this paper are as follows:
In the first chapter, the basic sensing principle and application of the fiber-optic EFPI sensor are summarized, and the research background and development status at home and abroad are briefly introduced.
In the second chapter, the whole scheme of PROFIBUS data acquisition system is proposed, and the system structure and system design are described in detail. Finally, the technical parameters and functions of the acquisition system are introduced.
In the third chapter, the seepage mechanics experiment based on PROFIBUS data acquisition system is described in detail, including capillary resistance test and core permeability test.
In the fourth chapter, the seepage optical fiber experiment system based on external cavity F-P interferometer is used to design and study the experiment of measuring the liquid level of coalbed methane well in seepage mechanics, including principle analysis, sensor design and experimental verification.
The fifth chapter summarizes the main research work of this topic, and puts forward the prospect of the follow-up research direction of this topic.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE312;TP274.2

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