基于全流程模拟的加氢处理装置流程技改与操作调优
发布时间：2018-09-14 16:18
【摘要】：近年来,随着全世界工业和经济的迅猛发展,世界各国对石油以及高品质轻质燃料油的需求量与日俱增。而随着世界范围内油田的不断开采,轻质低硫原料油的供应量越来越少,开采原油中硫含量高的重质原料油越来越多。而目前,出于环境污染和环保要求的考虑,汽油、煤油和柴油等产品质量等级在不断提升。因此采用加氢处理提高产品质量的工艺过程在整个炼油工艺中的作用不断提升,近年来国内汽柴油加氢装置处理量也不断提高。加氢处理过程能够有效地降低原料油中硫、氧和氮的含量,并能选择加氢芳香烃与烯烃,脱出金属与沥青等物质,从而提高产品品质。加氢反应为放热反应,反应条件为高温高压,其装置能耗较高,因此通过调整操作参数、技改工艺流程及优化换热网络可达到大幅度节能的目的。本文的研究对象为某炼厂80万吨/年汽柴油加氢装置,通过模拟该装置全流程,提出相应技改与操作优化方案。主要研究内容及创新特色包括以下三个方面：(1)加氢处理反应器模拟与参数优化：根据实际生产中原料与产品信息和设备与操作参数,使用HYSYS中提供的加氢集总反应动力学模型,对加氢反应系统进行建模。通过校核各集总反应常数,使模拟结果与现场生产结果相一致。并在此基础上重点分析改变氢油比与各反应床层温度对反应效果的影响,用于指导实际生产运行。(2)加氢处理分离工艺模拟与操作调优：模拟分析加氢处理分离工艺,主要包括高低分系统、脱硫化氢塔与分馏塔。并提出以下三点技改方案：1.技改原流程的高低分系统,增加热高压分离罐与热低压分离罐,在分离效果一定的情况下,大幅度降低该部分工艺能耗。2.模拟脱硫化氢塔并优化塔顶冷凝温度。3.脱硫化氢塔底加热方式由间接汽提改为直接汽提,并优化汽提蒸汽量,实现脱硫化氢塔优化操作。(3)加氢处理工艺换热网络综合：分析综合原工艺流程中换热网络,并对原换热网络进行优化,优化后冷公用工程降低27.7%并省去反应器加热炉。重新设计技改冷热高低分后流程换热网络,与原换热网络相比大幅度降低公用工程用量,从而提高装置热回收。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of industry and economy all over the world, the demand for oil and high quality light fuel oil is increasing day by day. With the continuous exploitation of oilfields in the world, the supply of light and low sulfur feedstock is becoming less and less, and there are more and more heavy feedstock oil with high sulfur content in crude oil. At present, due to environmental pollution and environmental requirements, the quality of gasoline, kerosene and diesel products are constantly improving. Therefore, the process of improving the product quality by hydrotreating has been playing an important role in the whole refining process, and the treatment capacity of domestic gasoline and diesel hydrogenation units has also been increasing in recent years. The hydrotreating process can effectively reduce the contents of sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen in the feedstock oil, and can select hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins, remove metals and bitumen, and thus improve the product quality. The hydrogenation reaction is an exothermic reaction, the reaction condition is high temperature and high pressure, and the energy consumption of the unit is high. Therefore, by adjusting the operation parameters, improving the technological process and optimizing the heat transfer network, the purpose of energy saving can be achieved greatly. The research object of this paper is a 800000 t / a gasoline / diesel hydrogenation unit in a refinery. By simulating the whole process of the unit, the corresponding technical innovation and operation optimization scheme are put forward. The main research contents and innovative features include the following three aspects: (1) Hydrotreating reactor simulation and parameter optimization: according to the actual production of raw materials and product information and equipment and operational parameters, The hydrogenation reaction system was modeled by using the hydrotreating lumped reaction kinetic model provided by HYSYS. By checking the total reaction constants, the simulation results are consistent with the field production results. On this basis, the effect of changing the ratio of hydrogen to oil and the temperature of each reaction bed on the reaction effect is analyzed, which can be used to guide the actual operation. (2) Hydrogenation separation process simulation and operation optimization: simulation analysis of hydrotreating separation process, Mainly include high and low fractionation system, hydrogen sulfide column and fractionator. And put forward the following three technical reform plan: 1. Under the condition that the separation effect is constant, the energy consumption of this part of the process is greatly reduced by increasing the heat and high pressure separation tank and the heat and low pressure separation tank in the high and low sub-system of the original process. Simulate the hydrogen sulfide tower and optimize the condensation temperature of the tower top. 3. The bottom heating mode of hydrogen sulfide tower was changed from indirect stripping to direct stripping, and the steam volume was optimized to realize the optimization operation of hydrogen sulfide tower. (3) Heat transfer network synthesis of hydrogenation treatment process: analysis of heat transfer network in the integrated original process, The original heat transfer network was optimized, and the cooling utility was reduced by 27.7% after optimization, and the reactor furnace was eliminated. Compared with the original heat exchange network, the process heat exchange network is redesigned, which greatly reduces the consumption of public works and improves the heat recovery of the unit.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE96
本文编号：2243226
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of industry and economy all over the world, the demand for oil and high quality light fuel oil is increasing day by day. With the continuous exploitation of oilfields in the world, the supply of light and low sulfur feedstock is becoming less and less, and there are more and more heavy feedstock oil with high sulfur content in crude oil. At present, due to environmental pollution and environmental requirements, the quality of gasoline, kerosene and diesel products are constantly improving. Therefore, the process of improving the product quality by hydrotreating has been playing an important role in the whole refining process, and the treatment capacity of domestic gasoline and diesel hydrogenation units has also been increasing in recent years. The hydrotreating process can effectively reduce the contents of sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen in the feedstock oil, and can select hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins, remove metals and bitumen, and thus improve the product quality. The hydrogenation reaction is an exothermic reaction, the reaction condition is high temperature and high pressure, and the energy consumption of the unit is high. Therefore, by adjusting the operation parameters, improving the technological process and optimizing the heat transfer network, the purpose of energy saving can be achieved greatly. The research object of this paper is a 800000 t / a gasoline / diesel hydrogenation unit in a refinery. By simulating the whole process of the unit, the corresponding technical innovation and operation optimization scheme are put forward. The main research contents and innovative features include the following three aspects: (1) Hydrotreating reactor simulation and parameter optimization: according to the actual production of raw materials and product information and equipment and operational parameters, The hydrogenation reaction system was modeled by using the hydrotreating lumped reaction kinetic model provided by HYSYS. By checking the total reaction constants, the simulation results are consistent with the field production results. On this basis, the effect of changing the ratio of hydrogen to oil and the temperature of each reaction bed on the reaction effect is analyzed, which can be used to guide the actual operation. (2) Hydrogenation separation process simulation and operation optimization: simulation analysis of hydrotreating separation process, Mainly include high and low fractionation system, hydrogen sulfide column and fractionator. And put forward the following three technical reform plan: 1. Under the condition that the separation effect is constant, the energy consumption of this part of the process is greatly reduced by increasing the heat and high pressure separation tank and the heat and low pressure separation tank in the high and low sub-system of the original process. Simulate the hydrogen sulfide tower and optimize the condensation temperature of the tower top. 3. The bottom heating mode of hydrogen sulfide tower was changed from indirect stripping to direct stripping, and the steam volume was optimized to realize the optimization operation of hydrogen sulfide tower. (3) Heat transfer network synthesis of hydrogenation treatment process: analysis of heat transfer network in the integrated original process, The original heat transfer network was optimized, and the cooling utility was reduced by 27.7% after optimization, and the reactor furnace was eliminated. Compared with the original heat exchange network, the process heat exchange network is redesigned, which greatly reduces the consumption of public works and improves the heat recovery of the unit.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE96
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 李中华;肖武;贺高红;杜艳泽;方向晨;罗立;;夹点技术优化改造蜡油加氢裂化装置换热网络及有效能分析[J];化工进展;2017年04期
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 李中华;蜡油加氢裂化装置的有效能分析及能量集成[D];大连理工大学;2016年
，本文编号：2243226
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