大型压裂泵车作业工况振动控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-09-17 09:02

【摘要】：新研制的3000型压裂泵车作业压力等级高(最大输出压力达到140MPa)、排量大、作业工况恶劣,在某些档位下出现了振动异常的现象,影响了整车的作业质量,其产生的车架交变应力,还会引起车架的疲劳,导致整车的使用寿命降低。因此本文研究3000型压裂泵车作业工况的振动机理,提出振动控制方案。首先建立了台上设备三缸泵的三维模型,综合考虑三缸泵的惯性力、摩擦力及液力端压力波动因素的影响,仿真得出三缸泵在工作时产生的激振力的峰值及对应的频率,并通过试验验证了仿真结果的真实性;以三缸泵作为激励,对整车进行了工作模态分析,得到其前六阶的模态,发现其模态和三缸泵的振动频率存在重合,明确了整车作业工况时振动的原因。其次,提出了基于结构修改的三种振动控制措施:(1)三缸泵的位置前移,建立了三缸泵的位置对整车振动影响的力学模型,计算了前移400mm时整车的振动衰减量为10.9%;(2)风扇的位置降低,建立了风扇高度对整车稳定性影响的力学模型,明确了风扇的高度越低整车稳定性越好;(3)整车支撑,对比支撑和不支撑时整车的模态,明确支撑后能有效避免整车模态和三缸泵振动频率重合。为有效控制压裂泵车作业工况时整车的振动,综合采用三种改制措施,试验表明改制后振动衰减了73.3%。最后,优化了车架和三缸泵之间的连接方案,使用隔振器连接替代了刚性连接,以三缸泵的振动激励引起的车架应力小于车架材料的许用应力为评价指标,计算隔振系统的参数,并选取了合适的隔振器。通过仿真,证明其能满足使用需求。
[Abstract]:The newly developed 3000 fracturing pump vehicle has high working pressure grade (maximum output pressure is up to 140MPa), large displacement and bad working conditions, and the phenomenon of abnormal vibration appears under some gears, which affects the working quality of the whole vehicle and produces the alternating stress of the frame. It will also cause fatigue of the frame and reduce the service life of the whole vehicle. In this paper, the vibration mechanism of 3000 fracturing pump is studied, and the vibration control scheme is put forward. Firstly, the three-dimensional model of three-cylinder pump is established. Considering the influence of inertial force, friction force and pressure fluctuation at the end of hydraulic force, the peak value and corresponding frequency of exciting force produced by three-cylinder pump are obtained by simulation. The simulation results are verified by experiments, and the working modes of the whole vehicle are analyzed by using the three-cylinder pump as the excitation, and the first six modes are obtained. It is found that the vibration frequency of the three-cylinder pump is overlapped with that of the three-cylinder pump. The cause of vibration in the whole vehicle working condition is clarified. Secondly, three kinds of vibration control measures based on structural modification are put forward: (1) the position of the three-cylinder pump is moved forward, and the mechanical model of the influence of the position of the three-cylinder pump on the vibration of the whole vehicle is established. The vibration attenuation of the whole vehicle is calculated to be 10.9 when the 400mm is moved forward. (2) the position of the fan is reduced, and the mechanical model of the influence of fan height on the stability of the whole vehicle is established, which shows that the lower the fan height, the better the vehicle stability; (3) the whole vehicle support, By comparing the modes of the whole vehicle with and without support, the vibration frequency coincidence between the vehicle mode and the three-cylinder pump can be effectively avoided by defining the supporting mode. In order to effectively control the vibration of the whole car in the operation condition of the fracturing pump car, three kinds of reforming measures are adopted. The experiment shows that the vibration of the fracturing pump car decreases by 73.3% after the reform. Finally, the connection scheme between the frame and the three-cylinder pump is optimized, the rigid connection is replaced by the vibration isolator connection, and the stress of the frame caused by the vibration excitation of the three-cylinder pump is less than the allowable stress of the frame material as the evaluation index. The parameters of the vibration isolation system are calculated and the appropriate vibration isolator is selected. Through simulation, it is proved that it can meet the need of use.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE934.2

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