基于WSN的石化环境安全监测系统

发布时间：2018-09-18 08:22

【摘要】：本课题是以广东省高等学校高层次人才项目“WSN目标跟踪理论在石油化工系统安全监控的应用研究”为背景的,目的就是针对在石化生产现场、车间或工厂能够对突发性有毒气体泄露进行气体扩散运动源点定位预测,检测出厂区内任意坐标的氨气浓度以及发生泄漏时氨气的运动状况,在石化工业生产的有毒有害气体监测应用方面具有重要意义。基于WSN的石化环境安全监测系统的目标是实现监测石化厂区内某点的氨气浓度,通过氨气传感器作为终端节点检测空气中氨气的含量,以CC2530作为主控制芯片采集空气中氨气的浓度参数,采用ZigBee传输模块实现与PC端的无线通信,利用无线定位技术对氨气扩散运动进行预测性图像化并通过计算得出氨气泄露源点坐标。本论文的主要内容包括:一、对无线传感器网络技术进行了研究,对比了ZigBee技术、红外传输技术以及蓝牙传输技术并最终选用了ZigBee技术。二、对比分析高斯气体扩散模型以及气体湍流模型,利用这两种气体扩散模型对石化厂区内有毒气体发生泄漏时的气体扩散运动状况进行仿真,从仿真结果中得出两种气体扩散模型的优缺点,选择高斯烟团模型作为无线定位算法的理论支撑。三、完成了石化环境安全监测系统硬件设计:CPU控制采用的是CC2530单片机,实现了对气体浓度信息的采集,包含氨气传感器,电源模块,A/D模块等;上位机通讯,实现了无线传感器网络终端节点与PC端的连接,由ZigBee模块完成。四、完成了石化环境安全监测系统软件设计:采用C语言完成了传感器节点程序、系统初始化、中断采样、数据实时显示;对比3种无线定位算法并在此基础上得出石化环境安全监测系统氨气泄露源点定位算法;数据通讯、无线通讯程序、数据实时传输、数据保存、显示气体浓度和气体扩散运动图像等功能。五、对石化环境安全监测系统实验平台进行了测试,其中包括了组网测试,节点数据采集功能测试以及PC端界面数据显示测试。通过对石化环境安全监测系统实验平台的测试结果,可以证明课题设计的有毒有害气体检测系统能够正常运行并能够准确显示在PC端,这对石化环境安全监测技术具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:This project is based on the project of "Application of WSN Target tracking Theory in Petrochemical system Safety Monitoring", which is a high-level talent project in Guangdong Province. The purpose of this project is to aim at petrochemical production site. The workshop or factory can locate and predict the source point of gas diffusion, and detect the concentration of ammonia gas in any coordinate in the factory area and the movement of ammonia gas in the event of leakage. It is of great significance in the monitoring and application of toxic and harmful gases in petrochemical industry. The goal of the petrochemical environmental safety monitoring system based on WSN is to monitor the ammonia concentration at a certain point in the petrochemical plant area. The ammonia gas sensor is used as the terminal node to detect the ammonia content in the air. The CC2530 is used as the main control chip to collect the concentration parameters of ammonia in the air, and the ZigBee transmission module is used to realize the wireless communication with the PC terminal. The predictive image of ammonia diffusion motion was obtained by wireless location technology and the point coordinates of ammonia leakage source were calculated. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: first, the technology of wireless sensor network is studied, and the ZigBee technology, infrared transmission technology and Bluetooth transmission technology are compared. Finally, ZigBee technology is selected. Secondly, contrasting and analyzing Gao Si gas diffusion model and gas turbulence model, using these two gas diffusion models to simulate the gas diffusion movement of toxic gas leakage in petrochemical plant area. From the simulation results, the advantages and disadvantages of the two gas diffusion models are obtained. Gao Si smoke cluster model is chosen as the theoretical support of the wireless location algorithm. Third, the hardware design of the petrochemical environment safety monitoring system is completed. The CC2530 single-chip microcomputer is used to control the system. The collection of gas concentration information is realized, including ammonia gas sensor, power supply module, A / D module, etc. The connection between terminal node and PC terminal in wireless sensor network is realized by ZigBee module. Fourthly, the software design of petrochemical environment safety monitoring system is completed: the sensor node program is completed by C language, the system is initialized, the sampling is interrupted and the data is displayed in real time. On the basis of comparing three wireless localization algorithms, the following algorithms are obtained: data communication, wireless communication program, real-time data transmission, data storage, and ammonia leakage source location algorithm in petrochemical environment security monitoring system. Display gas concentration and gas diffusion motion image and other functions. Fifth, the test platform of petrochemical environment safety monitoring system is tested, which includes network test, node data acquisition function test and PC interface data display test. Through the test results of the petrochemical environmental safety monitoring system, it can be proved that the toxic and harmful gas detection system designed by the project can operate normally and can be accurately displayed in the PC terminal. This is of great significance to petrochemical environmental safety monitoring technology.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE687;TN929.5;TP212.9

【相似文献】