塔里木盆地阿克库勒凸起西部阿四段储层预测研究

发布时间：2018-10-08 13:15

【摘要】：塔里木盆地阿克库勒地区油气资源丰富,是我国发现的第一个整装大型海相油气田,勘探重点长期聚焦在碳酸盐岩地层。近年的研究表明,该地区的的碎屑岩也有很大的勘探潜力。本文以阿克库勒凸起西部三叠系阿四段为对象,采用地震正演模拟和储层参数统计反演相结合的方法研究预测了该层段的河道砂岩储集体。论文的主要内容包括:1.地震高分辨率处理。研究区地层结构比较复杂,横向变化较快,储集体地震响应波场调谐现象严重,导致数据体层间接触关系不清晰,层间复合波组重叠。为了达到理想的效果,首先对地震数据进行高分辨率处理,通过小波变换和适当的压缩地震子进行滤波、去噪,使地震记录分辨率得到有效提高。2.地震正演模拟。由于在该地区砂泥岩比较发育,使得同相轴之间叠置情况难以解释,所以为了解决这个问题,本次模拟过程中用“试错法”来替代地下地质结构找到了比较准确的地震正演模型。特别地探讨了河道砂体在地震剖面上的特征表现形式。同时,通过正演模拟对河道进行识别和刻画,从空间上对储集体的分布有一个整体了解。3.随机反演模拟。在反演时统计随机变量的直方图分布、随机变量的变差函数,确定随机变量的变程,再根据反射系数生成地震道。对反演所需要的数据进行处理,包括井曲线的选取及重构,可靠地质模型的建立以及综合地震子波的提取。在以上准备工作的基础上,以地质框架为模型、测井资料和地震资料为基础,进行随机反演,获得一组储层参数模型并用原始地震资料属性和反演数据体属性验证结果的准确性。4.构造分析、地震属性及砂体平面展布。利用相干体、蚂蚁体刻画区域内断层,结合地震层位生成构造图对区域的构造高低点有一个整体把握,结合地震RMS振幅属性图以及砂体平面分布落实有利圈闭。5.河道识别与刻画。利用地震属性识别区域的河道并刻画出河道顶面构造图。利用地震资料,反演结果以及测井资料对河道的延伸方向进行追踪。6.有利圈闭优选。结合地震正演结果、反演结果、构造分析、河道刻画以及沉积特征对储层进行预测评价,选出有利圈闭。
[Abstract]:The Akkkul area of Tarim Basin is rich in oil and gas resources, which is the first large-scale marine oil and gas field discovered in China. The exploration focus is on carbonate strata for a long time. Recent studies have shown that the clastic rocks in this area also have great exploration potential. In this paper, the Triassic A4 member in the western Akkkul uplift is taken as an object, and the channel sandstone reservoir in this section is studied and predicted by combining the seismic forward modeling with the statistical inversion of reservoir parameters. The main contents of the thesis include: 1. Seismic high resolution processing. The stratigraphic structure of the study area is more complicated, the lateral change is faster, and the seismic response wave field tuning phenomenon of reservoir is serious, which leads to the unclear contact relationship between the layers of the data body and the overlap of the interlayer composite wave groups. In order to achieve the ideal effect, the seismic data is processed with high resolution, and the seismic data is filtered by wavelet transform and compressed seismograph, which can effectively improve the resolution of seismic records. Earthquake forward modeling. In order to solve this problem, because the sand and mudstone are relatively developed in this area, it is difficult to explain the superposition between the cofacies axes. In the course of this simulation, the "trial and error method" is used to replace the underground geological structure to find a more accurate seismic forward model. In particular, the characteristics of channel sand bodies in seismic profiles are discussed. At the same time, through forward modeling to identify and depict the river channel, there is a global understanding of the distribution of the reservoir body from the space. Stochastic inversion simulation. In inversion, histogram distribution of random variables, variation function of random variables, variation range of random variables are determined, and seismic traces are generated according to reflection coefficient. The data needed for inversion are processed, including the selection and reconstruction of well curves, the establishment of reliable geological models and the extraction of synthetic seismic wavelet. On the basis of the above preparatory work, random inversion is carried out on the basis of geological framework model, logging data and seismic data. A set of reservoir parameter models are obtained to verify the accuracy of the results by using the original seismic data attributes and the inversion data volume attributes. Structural analysis, seismic attributes and sand body plane distribution. The coherent body and ant body are used to depict faults in the region, the tectonic map of seismic horizon generation has a global grasp of the high and low points of the structure in the region, and the favorable trap .5. is implemented in combination with the seismic RMS amplitude attribute map and the sand body plane distribution. River channel identification and characterization. The seismic attributes are used to identify the river channels in the region and to depict the structural map of the river's top surface. Using seismic data, inversion results and logging data to track the extension direction of the channel. 6. Favorable trap selection. Combined with seismic forward modeling, inversion results, structural analysis, channel characterization and sedimentary characteristics to predict and evaluate the reservoir, the favorable traps are selected.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13

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