滩海油田B区块钻井技术研究

发布时间：2018-10-11 13:17

【摘要】：随着石油资源开采的不断进行,陆上勘探领域越来越少,石油资源紧缺问题日渐突出,而占地球面积70%以上的海洋,估计资源量巨大,油气储量相当可观,加大加快海上油气的勘探开发势在必行,特别是大规模的滩浅海油田勘探开发将是实现陆地油气资源接替的重要能源后备基地。本文以滩海油田B区块为研究对象,根据该区块工程地质特点,对其关键钻井技术开展了以下研究工作：分析双井口钻井的技术优势及技术难点,结合滩海油田B区块实际地质、工程条件论证双井口钻井技术在B区块的可实施性,总结适合于B区块的双井口表层钻井的一般施工工序；基于测井数据,建立考虑井斜角、方位角影响的地层坍塌压力、地层破裂压力模型,分析B区块井斜角和方位角对地层坍塌压力、地层破裂压力的影响,最后基于三压力剖面计算结果,设计B区块典型井技术套管和表层套管下深,优化了井身结构；考虑钻柱屈曲的影响,推导了钻柱摩阻扭矩计算模型,对滩海油田典型井B-6井进行钻柱摩阻扭矩分析和钻柱结构优化；针对滩海油田B区块馆陶组砾石层与中生界砂岩、泥岩、砾岩互层而严重降低机械钻速的问题,基于PDC钻头破岩机理、混合切削理论、冠部形状设计理论、切削齿大小形状设计理论、钻头水力学设计理论,设计适合于于砾石层的个性化PDC钻头。研究结果表明：双井口钻井技术是解决B区块平台面积紧张的有效措施；B区块泥浆安全密度窗口较宽且随井斜角的增大而增大,非常适合于钻水平井、大斜度井；沿最小水平主应力方向钻进时,泥浆安全密度窗口最大,井壁最稳定；建议B区块采用三开井身结构,一开封隔平原组以上松软地层,二开封隔明化镇及馆陶以上易塌易漏地层,采用Φ406.4mm钻头开钻、Φ215.9mm钻头完钻；从降低摩阻扭矩和避免钻柱屈曲、失稳的角度出发,推荐B区块三开Φ215.9mm井眼的钻具组合为Φ215.9mm钻头+φ171.45mm螺杆+Φ151mmMWD+φ171.45mm无磁钻铤+Φ139.7mm加重钻杆+Φ139.7mm钻杆；B区块二、三开钻进中PDC钻头表现优于牙轮钻头,推荐二、三开采用PDC钻头钻进；设计的Φ215.9mm、φ311.1mm两种个性化PDC钻头在砾石层提速方面取得了明显效果。本文的研究方法及结果,对滩海油田B区块及其他类似区块钻井施工、设计具有重要的指导作用。
[Abstract]:With the continuous exploitation of petroleum resources, there are fewer and fewer fields of onshore exploration, and the shortage of petroleum resources is becoming more and more prominent. The sea, which accounts for more than 70% of the earth's area, is estimated to have a huge amount of resources and considerable oil and gas reserves. It is imperative to accelerate the exploration and development of offshore oil and gas, especially the exploration and development of large scale shallow and beach oil fields will be an important energy reserve base to realize the replacement of terrestrial oil and gas resources. According to the engineering geological characteristics of B block in Tan Hai Oilfield, this paper has carried out the following research work on its key drilling technology: analyzing the technical advantages and technical difficulties of double-wellhead drilling, Combined with the actual geology of Block B in Tan Hai Oilfield, the feasibility of double-wellhead drilling technology in Block B is demonstrated under the engineering conditions, and the general construction procedure of double-wellhead surface drilling suitable for Block B is summarized, and based on the logging data, the inclined angle of well is established. The influence of azimuth angle on formation collapse pressure, formation fracture pressure model, well inclination angle and azimuth angle of B block on formation collapse pressure and formation fracture pressure are analyzed. Finally, based on the results of three pressure profiles, The technical casing and surface casing depth of typical wells in B block are designed to optimize the wellbore structure, considering the effect of string buckling, the calculation model of friction torque of drill string is derived. The friction torque of drill string and the optimization of drill string structure are analyzed for typical well B-6 in Tan Hai Oilfield, aiming at the problem of serious reduction of mechanical drilling rate in Guantao formation gravel layer and Mesozoic sandstone, mudstone and conglomerate interbed in B block of Tan Hai Oilfield. Based on the rock breaking mechanism of PDC bit, mixed cutting theory, crown shape design theory, cutting tooth size shape design theory and bit hydraulic design theory, the individualized PDC bit suitable for gravel layer is designed. The results show that the dual wellhead drilling technology is an effective measure to solve the shortage of platform area in block B, and the mud safety density window in block B is wider and increases with the increase of the inclined angle, which is very suitable for drilling horizontal wells and large deviated wells. When drilling along the direction of minimum horizontal principal stress, the mud safety density window is the largest and the borehole lining is the most stable. Second, Kaifeng separated Minghua Town and Guantao, easy to collapse and leak formation, using 桅 406.4mm bit to drill, 桅 215.9mm bit to complete drilling, starting from the angle of reducing friction torque and avoiding buckling and instability of drill string, It is recommended that the drilling tool combination of three 桅 215.9mm holes in B block is 桅 215.9mm bit 蠁 171.45mm screw 桅 151mmMWD 蠁 171.45mm non-magnetic drill collar 桅 139.7mm weighted 桅 139.7mm drill pipe, in B block 2 and 3 drilling, PDC bit performance is superior to that of cone bit, PDC bit is recommended for second and third drilling. The designed 桅 215.9 mm and 蠁 311.1mm individualized PDC bits have achieved obvious results in increasing the speed of gravel beds. The research methods and results of this paper play an important guiding role in drilling operation of B block and other similar blocks in Tan Hai Oilfield.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE52

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