油包水型乳状液蜡沉积规律研究
发布时间：2018-10-12 19:53
【摘要】：W/O型乳状液的蜡沉积会减小有效管径,降低管道的输送能力,甚至会使管道发生凝管,带来较严重的安全事故。目前对单相原油蜡沉积的机理、影响因素与预测模型的研究已经比较成熟,而对W/O型乳状液蜡沉积的研究相对较少,因此有必要对W/O型乳状液蜡沉积规律展开研究。本文从分析水相对油样物性参数的影响上着手,相继进行了原油及乳状液的物性研究、析蜡特性研究与流变特性研究,并利用自行设计的旋转动态结蜡装置进行了原油及乳状液的蜡沉积实验研究,分析了W/O型乳状液蜡沉积的影响因素,并回归出了W/O型乳状液蜡沉积预测模型。本文主要的研究内容与结论如下： (1)选取渤海某区块生产的高含蜡原油作为实验原油,利用实验原油配制了W/O型乳状液,测定了原油及乳状液的密度、比热容、凝点、含蜡量等基础物性。 (2)对实验原油进行了热分析,得到了原油的析蜡点、析蜡峰值等析蜡特性参数；对原油及乳状液进行了流变性测定,并根据黏度实验数据,回归出了能同时体现温度、剪切速率与含水率对黏度影响的W/O型乳状液黏度预测模型,模型预测精度较高。 (3)对传统冷指实验装置加以改进,设计了一种新的旋转动态结蜡装置,该装置具有能够准确模拟油流剪切作用、耗油量少等优点。 (4)利用实验装置进行蜡沉积实验,分析了油温、油壁温差、流速及含水率对W/O型乳状液蜡沉积的影响规律,并发现当乳状液含水率不同时,油温、油壁温差与流速对蜡沉积的影响规律均有所不同。 (5)在黄启玉模型的基础上,充分考虑水相对油样物性参数的影响,并将含水率与单相流结蜡倾向系数相关联,回归出了W/O型乳状液蜡沉积模型,该模型的预测精度能满足工程实际的需要。
[Abstract]:Wax deposition of W / O emulsion will reduce the effective diameter of the pipe, reduce the transportation capacity of the pipeline, and even lead to the condensation of the pipe, which will lead to serious safety accidents. At present, the research on the mechanism, influencing factors and prediction model of single-phase crude oil wax deposition has been more mature, but the research on W / O type emulsion wax deposition is relatively few, so it is necessary to study the law of W / O emulsion wax deposition. Based on the analysis of the effect of water on the physical properties of oil samples, the physical properties of crude oil and emulsion have been studied one after another, and the characteristics of wax evolution and rheology have been studied. The wax deposition experiments of crude oil and emulsion were carried out by using a rotating dynamic wax deposit device designed by ourselves. The influencing factors of wax deposition in W / O emulsion were analyzed, and the prediction model of wax deposition in W / O emulsion was regressed. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the high waxy crude oil produced in a certain block of Bohai Sea is selected as experimental crude oil. The W / O emulsion is prepared by using the experimental crude oil, and the density and specific heat capacity of crude oil and emulsion are measured. The basic physical properties of crude oil, such as condensate point, wax content and so on. (2) the waxing point and peak value of wax evolution of crude oil are obtained by thermal analysis, and rheological properties of crude oil and emulsion are measured, and the viscosity experimental data are used to determine the rheological properties of crude oil and emulsion. The model of predicting viscosity of W / O emulsion with the influence of temperature, shear rate and moisture content on viscosity is obtained, and the prediction accuracy of the model is high. (3) the traditional cold finger experimental device is improved. A new rotating dynamic wax deposition device is designed. The device has the advantages of accurate simulation of oil flow shearing and less oil consumption. (4) the oil temperature and oil wall temperature difference are analyzed by using the experimental device to carry out wax deposition experiments. The effect of flow rate and water content on wax deposition of W / O emulsion is different. It is found that when the water content of emulsion is different, the effect of oil temperature, oil wall temperature difference and flow rate on wax deposition is different. (5) on the basis of Huang Qi-yu model, the effect of oil temperature, oil wall temperature difference and flow rate on wax deposition is different. Considering the effect of water on the physical properties of oil samples, and correlating the water content with the wax deposition tendency coefficient of single-phase flow, a W / O emulsion wax deposition model is regressed. The prediction accuracy of the model can meet the needs of engineering practice.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE832
本文编号：2267397
[Abstract]:Wax deposition of W / O emulsion will reduce the effective diameter of the pipe, reduce the transportation capacity of the pipeline, and even lead to the condensation of the pipe, which will lead to serious safety accidents. At present, the research on the mechanism, influencing factors and prediction model of single-phase crude oil wax deposition has been more mature, but the research on W / O type emulsion wax deposition is relatively few, so it is necessary to study the law of W / O emulsion wax deposition. Based on the analysis of the effect of water on the physical properties of oil samples, the physical properties of crude oil and emulsion have been studied one after another, and the characteristics of wax evolution and rheology have been studied. The wax deposition experiments of crude oil and emulsion were carried out by using a rotating dynamic wax deposit device designed by ourselves. The influencing factors of wax deposition in W / O emulsion were analyzed, and the prediction model of wax deposition in W / O emulsion was regressed. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the high waxy crude oil produced in a certain block of Bohai Sea is selected as experimental crude oil. The W / O emulsion is prepared by using the experimental crude oil, and the density and specific heat capacity of crude oil and emulsion are measured. The basic physical properties of crude oil, such as condensate point, wax content and so on. (2) the waxing point and peak value of wax evolution of crude oil are obtained by thermal analysis, and rheological properties of crude oil and emulsion are measured, and the viscosity experimental data are used to determine the rheological properties of crude oil and emulsion. The model of predicting viscosity of W / O emulsion with the influence of temperature, shear rate and moisture content on viscosity is obtained, and the prediction accuracy of the model is high. (3) the traditional cold finger experimental device is improved. A new rotating dynamic wax deposition device is designed. The device has the advantages of accurate simulation of oil flow shearing and less oil consumption. (4) the oil temperature and oil wall temperature difference are analyzed by using the experimental device to carry out wax deposition experiments. The effect of flow rate and water content on wax deposition of W / O emulsion is different. It is found that when the water content of emulsion is different, the effect of oil temperature, oil wall temperature difference and flow rate on wax deposition is different. (5) on the basis of Huang Qi-yu model, the effect of oil temperature, oil wall temperature difference and flow rate on wax deposition is different. Considering the effect of water on the physical properties of oil samples, and correlating the water content with the wax deposition tendency coefficient of single-phase flow, a W / O emulsion wax deposition model is regressed. The prediction accuracy of the model can meet the needs of engineering practice.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE832
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