石油修井破碎地锚机的研制

发布时间：2018-10-15 10:22

【摘要】：使用修井作业过程中,经常需要经常进行起下地锚作业,而完成此项作业的设备就是地锚机。修井作业过程中需要井架承受井内管柱及钻具的全部重量,而井架立起来时由于底座面积较小,井架高度均在18米以上,高度较高,如果没有固定装置对井架进行固定,井架便会倒下因此需要用拉线将地锚和地面连接起来,使井架与井口成一定的角度而竖立起来,拉线与地面连接的部件叫地锚。辽河油田所处地区每年冰冻时间长达4个月,且很多井场都是用大块石头垫起,原有地锚机在冬季不能破碎冻土层,需要人工用风镐破碎冻土层;遇到大块石头需要人工进行挖掘,劳动强度大,效率低,基于以上原因研制了破碎地锚机。该地锚机依据东风卡车为载体,采用挖掘机回转方式,能够实现地锚钻头360度旋转,从而扩大了施工范围。本文主要讨论了石油修井破碎地锚机的整体结构,根据设计要求,完成破碎地锚机的总体方案设计,确定主要零部件的结构和尺寸,对主要零部件进行仿真建模及受力分析;并且利用AutoCAD软件画出其主要零部件图及总装配图。最后在机加工车间、铆焊车间对其零部件进行加工、制造、组装,对地锚机现场操作进行了技术要求,最后对该地锚机进行现场使用试验。
[Abstract]:In the process of using workover, it is often necessary to carry on the ground anchor operation, and the equipment that completes this work is the ground anchor machine. During the workover operation, the Derrick needs to bear the full weight of the pipe string and drilling tools in the well, and when the Derrick is erected because of the small base area, the Derrick height is above 18 meters and the height is higher, if there is no fixing device to fix the Derrick, The Derrick will fall, so it is necessary to tie the anchor with the ground, so that the Derrick is set up at a certain angle to the head of the well, and the part connected with the ground is called the anchor. The freezing time of Liaohe oil field is 4 months per year, and many wells are covered with large stones. The original anchor machine can not break the frozen soil layer in winter, but needs manual pneumatic pick to break the frozen soil layer. It is necessary to excavate large blocks of rock by hand, which has the advantages of high labor intensity and low efficiency. Therefore, a broken ground anchor machine is developed for the above reasons. According to the Dongfeng truck as the carrier and the excavator rotary mode, the anchor bit can rotate 360 degrees in this area, thus expanding the scope of construction. This paper mainly discusses the whole structure of the oil workover ground anchor, according to the design requirements, complete the overall scheme design of the crushing ground anchor, determine the structure and size of the main parts, and carry out simulation modeling and force analysis of the main parts. And use AutoCAD software to draw its main parts and assembly drawing. Finally, the parts and components are processed, manufactured and assembled in the machining workshop and riveting workshop, and the technical requirements for the field operation of the ground anchor machine are carried out. Finally, the field use test of the local anchor machine is carried out.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE935

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