基于动力学及平衡机理分析的常规游梁式抽油机节能改造

发布时间：2018-10-17 08:33

【摘要】：在目前辽河油田大力提倡节能挖潜、增产增效的大环境下,如何提高抽油机井效率,以达到节省能源消耗,已经成为各采油厂最关注的问题。其中,对抽油机的节能改造一直受到各采油厂的关注。本文对常规十型游梁抽油机的动力学以及平衡理论进行深入系统的研究,从而为确定抽油机改进措施提供有效的数据支持。对抽油机的机采效率进行了研究分析,发现了对机采效率产生影响的指标,同时根据数据分析提出了提高效率的办法。对抽油机平衡机理以及能耗进行了系统的分析,确立了主要节能指标。通过对标准常规十型抽油机的动力学分析,获取了该机悬点载荷、减速器净扭矩、均方根扭矩、周期载荷系数等重要参数指标。根据对这些参数的分析比较,并结合实际井况,提出了三种改进措施,并对每种方案进行分析计算,最后进行了现场测试试验。经过对改造后的抽油机综合测试、现场运行等方面的综合评价,并结合实际井况,最终确定了游梁平衡为最佳方案。改造措施包括：增加下偏平衡装置、支撑装置、平衡调节操作平台；将刹车、电控箱位置改在侧面；缩短曲柄,去掉平衡块；更换电动机、配电箱等。现场应用表明,改造后的系统效率以及节能效果得到了显著的提高,同时,由于改造周期短以及费用低廉等特点,使得该技术具有较高的推广价值,应用前景广阔。
[Abstract]:At present, Liaohe Oilfield strongly advocates energy saving, increasing production and increasing efficiency. How to improve the efficiency of pumping wells in order to save energy consumption has become the most concerned problem in oil production plants. Among them, the energy-saving revamp of pumping units has been concerned by various oil extraction plants. In this paper, the dynamics and balance theory of conventional 10 beam pumping units are studied in depth and systematically, so as to provide effective data support for determining the improvement measures of pumping units. In this paper, the efficiency of pumping unit is studied and analyzed, and the indexes that influence the efficiency of pumping unit are found, and the methods to improve the efficiency are put forward according to the data analysis. The balance mechanism and energy consumption of pumping unit are analyzed systematically, and the main energy saving indexes are established. Based on the dynamic analysis of the standard 10-type pumping unit, some important parameters, such as suspension load, reducer net torque, root mean square torque, periodic load coefficient and so on, are obtained. According to the analysis and comparison of these parameters and combined with the actual well conditions, three kinds of improvement measures are put forward, and each scheme is analyzed and calculated. Finally, the field test is carried out. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the revamped pumping unit in the aspects of comprehensive test and field operation, and combining with the actual well conditions, the optimal scheme of beam balance is finally determined. The modification measures include: adding lower offset balancing device, supporting device, balancing adjusting operation platform; changing the position of brake and electronic control box on the side; shortening crank and removing balance block; replacing motor, distribution box and so on. The field application shows that the system efficiency and energy saving effect have been greatly improved after the revamping. At the same time, because of the characteristics of short transformation period and low cost, the technology has high popularization value and broad application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE933.1

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