高压天然气调压过程的压力能回收研究
发布时间：2018-10-19 06:40
【摘要】：2000年,我国开始建设第一条高压力、大输量、长距离天然气管道——西气东输管道一线,“十一五”以来又启动和规划了西气东输二线、三线、四线等天然气管道,预计到2020年,我国天然气管道年输送量将达4200×108Nm3以上。这些天然气管道运行压力都在6MPa以上,在交接给下游用户是需使用调压橇降压分输。调压橇为节流装置,在调压过程中上游增加的压力大部分浪费掉,如果能够回收这部分压力能则可以产生显著的经济效益。本文提出应用单螺杆膨胀机回收长输管道高压天然气的压力能进行发电,并提出冷能利用建议方案,实现能源节约的目的。文章首先提出压力能回收方案,然后从热力学分析角度,应用?分析方法从理论上分析了压力能发电可行性,对回收过程中形成的低温天然气,提出冷能综合利用方案,确保天然气管道不发生冻胀,并实现站场节能优化。针对回收压力能的核心设备,选择系统更加简单、维护量更少的单螺杆膨胀机作为回收压力能的核心设备,并对成套系统、部件和控制系统提出具体技术要求,包括参考的标准和规范、系统配置、报警保护等。根据单螺杆膨胀机的性能测试数据,可知能够满足系统回收压力能的要求。根据建议的压力能回收系统方案设计,采用净现值法进行经济效益分析,在分输流量低至10×104Nm3/d时,开展压力能回收仍然具有显著的经济效益。最后,文章对天然气管道分输调压系统所蕴含的大量压力能和冷能应用进行展望,若能够开展有效的综合利用,将在节约能源、建设运营绿色天然气管道方面具有显著的社会效益。
[Abstract]:In 2000, China began to build the first high pressure, large volume and long distance natural gas pipeline, a line of gas from the west to the east. Since the 11th Five-Year Plan, natural gas pipelines such as the second, third, and fourth lines of gas transmission from the west to the east have been started and planned. It is estimated that by 2020, the annual transportation capacity of natural gas pipeline in China will be more than 4200 脳 108Nm3. These natural gas pipeline operating pressure above 6MPa, in the handover to downstream users are required to use pressure-sled decompression points. The pressure regulating skid is a throttling device, and the increasing pressure in the upstream of the regulating process is mostly wasted. If this part of pressure energy can be recovered, it will bring about remarkable economic benefits. In this paper, a single screw expander is used to recover the pressure energy of high pressure natural gas from long distance transportation pipeline for power generation, and a proposal for the utilization of cold energy is put forward to realize the purpose of energy saving. In this paper, the method of pressure energy recovery is put forward, and then applied from the point of view of thermodynamics analysis. The feasibility of generating electricity by pressure energy is analyzed theoretically. The comprehensive utilization scheme of cold energy is put forward to ensure that the natural gas pipeline will not be frozen-heaved and the energy saving optimization of the station yard is realized. For the core equipment of recovering pressure energy, the single screw expander with simpler system and less maintenance is selected as the core equipment to recover pressure energy, and the specific technical requirements for complete set of system, parts and control system are put forward. Including reference standards and specifications, system configuration, alarm protection and so on. According to the performance test data of single screw expander, it can meet the demand of system recovery pressure energy. According to the design of the proposed pressure energy recovery system, the net present value (NPV) method is used to analyze the economic benefits. When the distribution flow is as low as 10 脳 104Nm3/d, the recovery of pressure energy still has significant economic benefits. Finally, the paper looks forward to the application of a large amount of pressure energy and cold energy contained in the distribution and pressure regulation system of natural gas pipeline. If effective comprehensive utilization can be carried out, energy will be saved. Construction and operation of green natural gas pipeline has significant social benefits.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE832
[Abstract]:In 2000, China began to build the first high pressure, large volume and long distance natural gas pipeline, a line of gas from the west to the east. Since the 11th Five-Year Plan, natural gas pipelines such as the second, third, and fourth lines of gas transmission from the west to the east have been started and planned. It is estimated that by 2020, the annual transportation capacity of natural gas pipeline in China will be more than 4200 脳 108Nm3. These natural gas pipeline operating pressure above 6MPa, in the handover to downstream users are required to use pressure-sled decompression points. The pressure regulating skid is a throttling device, and the increasing pressure in the upstream of the regulating process is mostly wasted. If this part of pressure energy can be recovered, it will bring about remarkable economic benefits. In this paper, a single screw expander is used to recover the pressure energy of high pressure natural gas from long distance transportation pipeline for power generation, and a proposal for the utilization of cold energy is put forward to realize the purpose of energy saving. In this paper, the method of pressure energy recovery is put forward, and then applied from the point of view of thermodynamics analysis. The feasibility of generating electricity by pressure energy is analyzed theoretically. The comprehensive utilization scheme of cold energy is put forward to ensure that the natural gas pipeline will not be frozen-heaved and the energy saving optimization of the station yard is realized. For the core equipment of recovering pressure energy, the single screw expander with simpler system and less maintenance is selected as the core equipment to recover pressure energy, and the specific technical requirements for complete set of system, parts and control system are put forward. Including reference standards and specifications, system configuration, alarm protection and so on. According to the performance test data of single screw expander, it can meet the demand of system recovery pressure energy. According to the design of the proposed pressure energy recovery system, the net present value (NPV) method is used to analyze the economic benefits. When the distribution flow is as low as 10 脳 104Nm3/d, the recovery of pressure energy still has significant economic benefits. Finally, the paper looks forward to the application of a large amount of pressure energy and cold energy contained in the distribution and pressure regulation system of natural gas pipeline. If effective comprehensive utilization can be carried out, energy will be saved. Construction and operation of green natural gas pipeline has significant social benefits.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE832
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