水基动力无杆抽油机关键部件故障诊断方法研究

发布时间：2018-10-19 15:39

【摘要】：水基动力无杆抽油机是一种利用液动力推动井下抽油泵工作的新型抽油设备，具有高效率、低功耗的特点，并且能够彻底消除传统抽油机存在的杆管偏磨问题，因此具有广阔的应用前景。对其进行状态检测以及故障诊断的研究，能够保障设备的安全、稳定运行，提高设备的生产效率，具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。本文主要的研究内容及创新点如下：（1）对水基动力无杆抽油机关键部件——动力缸进行了动力学研究，推导了动力缸的运动学方程，建立了不同故障下动力缸运动学组合参数变化与故障之间的映射关系，，提出了利用动力缸组合参数变化判断故障类型的方法。该方法能够揭示水基动力无杆抽油机动力缸的故障类型，为其故障诊断提供了理论基础。（2）探讨了HMM在水基动力无杆抽油机故障诊断中应用的可行性，开展了基于HMM的水基动力无杆抽油机故障诊断方法的研究，并给出了故障诊断的流程。采用HMM方法对水基动力无杆抽油机正常生产以及动力液管漏失、游动凡尔堵塞、配重磨损、固定凡尔堵塞四种故障进行了故障诊断，结果表明：该方法适合对水基动力无杆抽油机进行故障诊断，并能取得较高的故障诊断准确率。（3）研究基于高阶累积量谱的水基动力无杆抽油机故障诊断方法，将2.5维谱引入到故障诊断中，提出了融合2.5维谱与HMM的水基动力无杆抽油机故障诊断方法。应用该方法与单独应用HMM进行故障诊断的对比实验表明：融合2.5维谱的HMM的水基动力无杆抽油机故障诊断方法不仅具有更高的故障诊断准确率，并且在模型训练速度上也有很大的提升。（4）构建了水基动力无杆抽油机试验台，设计了试验台的电路控制系统与人机交互界面，利用该试验台可以模拟水基动力无杆抽油机正常工作状态以及多种故障状态。研制了一套水基动力无杆抽油机状态监测与故障诊断的仿真系统，该系统可以模拟井下工作状态，便于直观观察井下各关键部件的运行状态，为水基动力无杆抽油机状态检测及故障诊断提供了可视化手段。
[Abstract]:The water-based rodless pumping unit is a new type of pumping equipment which uses hydraulic power to promote the underground pumping pump work. It has the characteristics of high efficiency and low power consumption, and can completely eliminate the problem of rod and pipe bias wear existing in the traditional pumping unit. Therefore, it has a broad application prospect. The research of state detection and fault diagnosis can ensure the safety and stability of the equipment and improve the production efficiency of the equipment. It has important theoretical significance and engineering application value. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) the dynamics of the power cylinder, the key component of the water-based rodless pumping unit, is studied, and the kinematics equation of the cylinder is derived. The mapping relationship between the variation of kinematics combined parameters of power cylinder and the fault under different faults is established, and the method of judging the fault type by using the variation of combined parameters of power cylinder is put forward. This method can reveal the fault types of the power cylinder of the water-base rodless pumping unit and provide a theoretical basis for its fault diagnosis. (2) the feasibility of the application of HMM in the fault diagnosis of the water-base rodless pumping unit is discussed. The research on fault diagnosis method of water-based rod-less pumping unit based on HMM is carried out, and the flow chart of fault diagnosis is given. In this paper, HMM method is used to diagnose four kinds of faults, such as normal production of water base power rod pumping unit, leakage of power hydraulic pipe, swam plug, counterweight wear, fixed fan clogging, etc. The results show that this method is suitable for fault diagnosis of water-based rodless pumping units, and can achieve high accuracy. (3) A fault diagnosis method for water-based rodless pumping units based on higher-order cumulant spectrum is studied. A method for fault diagnosis of water-based rodless pumping units is proposed, which combines 2.5 dimension spectrum with HMM. The comparison between this method and the single application of HMM in fault diagnosis shows that the fault diagnosis method of hydrodynamic rod less pumping unit based on HMM with 2.5 D spectrum has higher fault diagnosis accuracy. And the speed of model training is also greatly improved. (4) the test bench of water-base rodless pumping unit is constructed, and the circuit control system and man-machine interface of the test bed are designed. The test rig can be used to simulate the normal working state and various fault states of water-based rodless pumping units. A simulation system for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of water-based rodless pumping unit is developed. The system can simulate the downhole working state and can be used to observe the running state of the key components directly. It provides a visual method for condition detection and fault diagnosis of water-based rod-less pumping unit.
【学位授予单位】：北京信息科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE933.1

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