Φ300mm管道漏磁检测技术研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 18:27

【摘要】：管道在石油化工的介质输送和物料传输方面起着至关重要的作用,管壁缺陷会影响其正常工作,并引发一系列生产事故。利用漏磁检测技术可对工业管道缺陷大范围普查,在不影响管道正常运行的状态下,评估管道的腐蚀严重程度,确保管道安全。本文基于漏磁检测技术的基本原理,以外径300mm的管道为具体研究对象,进行管道外壁检测技术的研究。运用有限元仿真软件在管道外壁建立三维漏磁检测模型,并求解模型的漏磁场分布。更改管壁缺陷的尺寸和特征,提取缺陷处漏磁场磁通量密度数据,分析比较缺陷的不同参数对漏磁场的影响规律。结果表明,对圆柱形缺陷来说,磁通量密度峰值随缺陷直径的增大先增大后减小,随缺陷深度的增加而增大;对于管壁周向裂纹缺陷,其上方漏磁场磁通量密度三维分布图契合了裂纹的走向和分布。此外,还分析了缺陷群对漏磁场的影响,对传感器提离高度做了模拟比较,发现提离值越大,提取到的漏磁场信号越微弱,由此期望在检测中尽可能减小提离高度,以获得最佳信号采集效果。对仿真结果分析后组建起管道外漏磁检测系统。在实验室条件下,取外径300mm的管道,人为预制不同直径相同深度的圆柱形缺陷、不同深度相同直径的圆柱形缺陷和相同宽度不同深度的裂纹缺陷,进行漏磁检测实验。对实验采集到的数据处理,利用三维数据波形和缺陷正上方通道的信号采集数据曲线分析缺陷处漏磁场规律,发现其同有限元仿真得到的漏磁场规律具有一致性;此外,在管段内壁仿制缺陷,验证了管道外壁漏磁检测装置对管道内壁缺陷检测的有效性。在总结前人工作的基础上设计了由电机驱动的、可换向的管外壁自动漏磁检测装置。
[Abstract]:Pipeline plays an important role in the transportation of medium and material in petrochemical industry. The defect of pipe wall will affect its normal operation and lead to a series of production accidents. By using magnetic flux leakage detection technology, the defects of industrial pipelines can be surveyed in a wide range, and the corrosion severity of pipelines can be evaluated without affecting the normal operation of pipelines, and the safety of pipelines can be ensured. Based on the basic principle of magnetic flux leakage (MFL) detection technology, this paper takes the outer diameter 300mm pipeline as the concrete research object, carries on the pipeline outer wall inspection technology research. A 3D magnetic flux leakage detection model is established by using finite element simulation software on the outer wall of the pipeline, and the flux leakage distribution of the model is solved. The size and characteristics of tube wall defects were changed to extract magnetic flux density data from defects and to analyze and compare the influence of different parameters of defects on magnetic flux leakage. The results show that for cylindrical defects, the peak magnetic flux density increases first and then decreases with the increase of defect diameter, and increases with the increase of defect depth. The 3D distribution of flux density of magnetic flux coincides with the direction and distribution of the crack. In addition, the effect of defect group on magnetic field leakage is analyzed, and the lift height of the sensor is simulated and compared. It is found that the larger the lift value, the weaker the extracted magnetic leakage signal is, so it is expected that the lifting height will be reduced as much as possible in the detection. In order to obtain the best signal acquisition effect. After analyzing the simulation results, a magnetic flux leakage detection system is set up. Under laboratory conditions, the pipe with outer diameter 300mm is used to prefabricate cylindrical defects of different diameters of the same depth, cylindrical defects of different diameters and cracks of the same width and depth, and magnetic flux leakage testing experiments are carried out. For the experimental data processing, the leakage magnetic field law of the defect is analyzed by using the 3D data waveform and the signal acquisition curve of the upper channel of the defect, and it is found that it is consistent with the leakage magnetic field law obtained by the finite element simulation. The defect in the inner wall of the pipe is simulated to verify the effectiveness of the magnetic flux leakage detection device for the inner wall of the pipeline. On the basis of summing up the previous work, an automatic magnetic flux leakage detection device driven by motor and commutative is designed.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE973.6

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