空间位阻胺对天然气中酸气吸收的研究
发布时间：2018-10-21 19:57
【摘要】：天然气作为一种燃烧时CO2等污染物排放较少、能量利用率高和热值较高的清洁能源,越来越受世界各国的重视。天然气中酸性成分H2S、有机硫与C02不仅会造成环境污染,还会带来催化剂中毒、金属设备的腐蚀以及影响天然气的热值等问题。因而在天然气的运输与利用之前,必须将H2S、有机硫与C02从天然气中脱除。醇胺法是天然气工业中最为常用的脱硫脱碳方法。其中MDEA由于对H2S吸收的选择性高,再生能耗低,化学稳定性好,腐蚀性低,溶液不易发泡降解等优点,成为应用最为广泛的脱硫脱碳剂。空间位阻胺CB作为一种Taft系数较高的仲胺,具有比MDEA更高的对H2S吸收的选择性和更大的碳容量,以及较低的再生能耗,因而在未来可以在天然气脱硫脱碳领域推广应用。本论文研究了空间位阻胺CB在天然气脱硫脱碳领域的优良特性,包括较大的碳硫容、较高的对H2S吸收的选择性以及较低的再生能耗。主要研究内容为首先考察了静态实验下的最佳反应条件,结果表明反应温度40℃、胺液体积分数为35%-45%为最佳配比；然后进行了最佳反应条件下MDEA溶液与CB溶液脱硫脱碳效果对比,研究结果显示CB溶液不仅在脱硫脱碳效果上,在对H2S吸收的选择性上也优于MDEA溶液。将CB与MDEA溶液按不同比例复配制成复合溶液,保持总胺含量一定,结果显示复合溶液碳硫容和对H2S吸收的选择性随CB含量增加而增加。再生实验中考察了相同再生条件下复合溶液与MDEA溶液贫液酸气含量,显示在相同的再生条件下,复合溶液能够解析出更多地酸气,且一次再生后脱硫脱碳效果优于MDEA溶液,表明CB再生能耗较低。考察了气液接触时间与原料气中不同酸气组成对复合溶液与MDEA溶液脱硫脱碳效果的影响。气液接触时间延长,复合溶液与MDEA溶液碳硫容减小,对H2S吸收的选择性增大。在任何气液接触时间下,复合溶液的碳硫容与对H2S的选择性都大于MDEA溶液。保持原料气中总酸气含量为8%(φ),原料气中H2S含量为1%-6%时,原料气中H2S含量增加,复合溶液硫容相应按比例均匀增加；而原料气中C02含量增至5%时复合溶液对C02的吸收就会达到饱和。腐蚀实验与发泡实验结果显示复合溶液富液与MDEA溶液富液腐蚀速率大于贫液腐蚀速率,复合溶液吸收较多的酸气其富液腐蚀速率却较低。添加咪唑啉类缓蚀剂可以有效缓解富液的腐蚀性,5‰(φ)为最佳添加量。CB溶液的泡沫高度以及消泡时间均大于MDEA溶液,复合溶液发泡倾向大于CB溶液与MDEA溶液,MDEA与CB的混合比例基本不影响复合溶液的泡沫高度以及消泡时间。FeS的添加会加强复合溶液的发泡情况,FeS含量为3g/L时发泡达到最大,继续添加FeS发泡情况并不会继续加强。添加3‰(φ)的CW-3型消泡剂可以使FeS含量为3g/L的复合溶液泡沫高度h5cm,消泡时间t10s,符合国家石油行业标准。
[Abstract]:As a clean energy with low emission of CO2, high energy efficiency and high calorific value, natural gas has been paid more and more attention in the world. The acidic components H _ 2S, organic sulfur and CO _ 2 in natural gas will not only cause environmental pollution, but also lead to poisoning of catalyst, corrosion of metal equipment and influence on the calorific value of natural gas. Therefore, it is necessary to remove H _ 2S, organic sulfur and C _ 02 from natural gas before they can be transported and utilized. Alcohol amine process is the most commonly used desulfurization and decarbonization method in natural gas industry. MDEA has become the most widely used desulfurization and decarburizing agent because of its high selectivity to H _ 2S absorption, low regeneration energy consumption, good chemical stability, low corrosion, and the solution is not easy to be foamed and degraded. As a kind of secondary amine with higher Taft coefficient, steric amine CB has higher selectivity to H 2S absorption, larger carbon capacity and lower regeneration energy than MDEA, so it can be widely used in the field of natural gas desulfurization and decarbonization in the future. In this paper, the excellent characteristics of steric amine CB in the field of natural gas desulfurization and decarbonization are studied, including large carbon and sulfur capacity, high selectivity to H 2S absorption and low energy consumption for regeneration. The main research contents are as follows: firstly, the optimum reaction conditions under static experiment are investigated. The results show that the optimum reaction temperature is 40 鈩，
本文编号：2286202
[Abstract]:As a clean energy with low emission of CO2, high energy efficiency and high calorific value, natural gas has been paid more and more attention in the world. The acidic components H _ 2S, organic sulfur and CO _ 2 in natural gas will not only cause environmental pollution, but also lead to poisoning of catalyst, corrosion of metal equipment and influence on the calorific value of natural gas. Therefore, it is necessary to remove H _ 2S, organic sulfur and C _ 02 from natural gas before they can be transported and utilized. Alcohol amine process is the most commonly used desulfurization and decarbonization method in natural gas industry. MDEA has become the most widely used desulfurization and decarburizing agent because of its high selectivity to H _ 2S absorption, low regeneration energy consumption, good chemical stability, low corrosion, and the solution is not easy to be foamed and degraded. As a kind of secondary amine with higher Taft coefficient, steric amine CB has higher selectivity to H 2S absorption, larger carbon capacity and lower regeneration energy than MDEA, so it can be widely used in the field of natural gas desulfurization and decarbonization in the future. In this paper, the excellent characteristics of steric amine CB in the field of natural gas desulfurization and decarbonization are studied, including large carbon and sulfur capacity, high selectivity to H 2S absorption and low energy consumption for regeneration. The main research contents are as follows: firstly, the optimum reaction conditions under static experiment are investigated. The results show that the optimum reaction temperature is 40 鈩，
本文编号：2286202
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